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lood film and lactate dehydrogenase>1.5 times the upper limit of normal [our laboratory 0 ~480 IU/L]) plus thrombocytopenia (platelets <150×109/L) with rising urea and creatinine concentrations. All three criteria had to be met before the diagnosis could be made, but not necessarily on the same blood sample. A diagnosis of TTP was given to patients who met these laboratory criteria and developed new neurological symptoms and signs. One patient was included as having developed HUS despite a minimum platelet count of 228×109/L (on death). He had bloody diarrhoea, an association with an implicated food source, acute renal failure, the criteria for red-cell haemolysis, and a falling platelet count.

In the assessment of premorbid illness, medical histories included as relevant were ischaemic heart disease, cardiac failure, hypertention, cerebrovascular disease, renal disease, diabetes, and immunosuppression. Pulmonary oedemawas diagnosed on clinical and radiological evidence.

TPE was performed at three centres with three Cobe Spectra Apheresis Systems (Cobe Laboratories Ltd, Gloucester, UK) and a Baxter Fenwal CS-3000 Plus Cell Separator (Baxter Healthcare, Newberry, UK). Plasma was exchanged with 2.0~2.4 Lfresh frozen plasma or cryosupernatant in refractory patients. The anticoagulant used was ACD-A. A combination of central and peripheral venous access was used. Intravenous hydrocortisone was given with each exchange. Intravenous prostacyclin was also given to cases receiving TPE, at doses between 40 mg/h and 200 mg/h, where tolerated. Data were analysed by means of SPSS(version 7.5).

 

 

3　结果(Results)

结果部分是指作者在实验过程中对实验所获得的结果进行客观的评述,也可以说是对实验结果作出归纳。而且结果部分只是系统地介绍与主题研究紧密相关的数据,例如,显著的差异性,P值等,其结果部分是对过去的实验作出归纳概述,在时态上通常运用一般过去时。举例:

Results

There were 262 cases ofE coliO157 infection in the Lanarkshire area: 200 confirmed cases and 62 probable cases. The median age of all affected was 53 years, but there were higher numbers at the extremes of age. 47% (124/262) of infected individuals were over 55 years of age. 13(5%) people died. In 10 cases death was associated with the systemic complications of E coli O157 infection.

28 (11%) of the Lanarkshire cases ofE coliO157 met the diagnostic criteria for HUS/TTP. Cases met the criteria for HUS/TTP a median of 7 days (range 4~15) after the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms. A further eight cases had evidence of thrombotic microangiopathy but did not meet the criteria for HUS/TTP and were not eligible for TPE. 22 (79%) cases with HUS/TTP were adults and six (21%) were children. The median age of adults who developed HUS/TTP was 71 years and the median age of children 6 years. The demographics, clinical features, treatment, laboratory results, and outcome of the adult cases with HUS/TTP are shown in table 1. Blood results are taken from the day that the diagnostic criteria for HUS/TTP were met, before TPE in cases so treated. The mortality rate in adults with HUS/TTP was 45% (ten of 22). Seven of 12 cases aged over 70 years and three of ten aged 70 years or less died. Therewere no deaths in children. Necropsies were done for all cases who died. Causes of death in patients with HUS/ TTPwere acute renal failure secondary to HUS(two cases), cardiac arrest (two cases), intracerebral haemorrhage, cerebral infarction, acute myocardial infarction, multiple organ failure, hepatorenal syndrome secondary to macronodular cirrhosis a本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。