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摘要：The Indian economy is booming, with rates of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth exceeding 8% every year since 2003/04. This ongoing growth is due to rapidly developing services and manufacturing sectors, increasing consumer demand (largely driven by increased spending by India's middle class) and government commitments to rejuvenate the agricultural sector and improve the economic conditions of India's rural population. Construction is the second largest economic activity in India after agriculture, and has been growing rapidly. The production of industrial machinery has also been on the rise - and the increasing flow of goods has spurred increases in rail, road and port traffic, necessitating further infrastructure improvements.

In the fiscal year ending March 2008, India's GDP grew by more than 9%. This robust rate of expansion was initially forecast to continue in the 2008-2009 fiscal year. In summer 2008, however, the combined impact of slowing Indian consumption, a higher domestic cost of capital and reduced capital access from international capital markets raised concerns by some analysts that the rate of growth might be slowing. In October 2008, India's Prime Minister, Mr. Manmohan Singh, affirmed the Government's view that a rate of growth of 7-7.5% remains realistic, even given the global credit crunch, and assured observers that the country's Government will take action if necessary to support businesses and the financial markets. Mr. Singh has also singled out infrastructure investment as particularly vital.本论文由英语论文网整理提供

Indeed, even with a somewhat slower rate of growth, the Indian economy is still expanding significantly, and substantial investment in infrastructure continues to be required in order to sustain India's economic progress. The country's capacity to absorb and benefit from new technology and industries depends on the availability, quality and efficiency of more basic forms of infrastructure including energy, water and land transportation. In some areas, roads, rail lines, ports and airports are already operating at capacity, so expansion is a necessary prerequisite to further economic growth.

The Indian Government recognises this imperative. As per the Eleventh Five Year Plan, more than US$500 billion worth of investment is planned to flow into India's infrastructure by 2012. https://www.51lunwen.org/cb/ Construction projects account for a substantial portion of the proposed investments, making the E&C sector one of the biggest beneficiaries of the infrastructure boom in India. The regulatory environment is relaxing to encourage further foreign direct investment (FDI).

Private sector participation is integral to these plans. PPPs have been identified as the most suitable mode for the implementation of projects - and indeed, are rapidly becoming the funding norm. Their share of the total planned infrastructure improvements is projected to be around 30% (US$150 billion). Power and road projects top the list, and other transportation sectors such as railways, ports, and airports are also targeted for major investments.

Companies looking to capitalise on the situation need to plan their strategy for entering the market carefully. Understanding the local market, including selecting complementary local partners, is vital. Tax optimisation is a key cost component - while substantial tax benefits are provided for infrastructure projects, developers need to be savvy about structuring their contracts. Good tax planning can have a potentially decisive impact, especially in bidding situations, and help to avoid unnecessary litigation later.

Major infrastructure development requires a substantial influx of investment capital. The policies of the Indian Government seek to encourage investments in domestic infrastructure from both local and foreign private capital. The country is already a hot destination for foreign investors. As per the World Investment Report of the UNCTAD, India was rated the second most attractive location (after China) for global FDI in 2007.

Currently, India has FDI of about US$21 billion per year, well below the targeted US$30 billi本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。