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评价资源在激发人际意义中的作用--基于美国总统竞选来看
本文是评价理论在分析人际意义方面一项运用研究，它证实了评价资源在激发人际意义方面重要作用，也为话语分析提供了新的研究方法。首先演讲中评价资源定位后通过wordsmith得出频率统计，再对演讲中评价资源做出细致分析，分析关注的是这些评价资源是如何帮助演讲者表达对相关事件的态度，调整形象，从而实现与听众的同盟。
Introduction
Political discourse has been attracting increasing attention from linguistics and has been approached from various fields like rhetoric,pragmatics,and stylistic etc.Successful political speeches are acknowledged as effective utilization of language resources.Politics and language are so closely related that politics is language and,at the same time, language is politics(Lakeoff,1990).In other words language is designed to serve in human affairs and it is a social practice(Fairclough,1989).
Systemic functional linguistics(SFL)(Halliday,1994)considers how people communicate in context,using meaningful stretches of utterances as their unit.It is generally acknowledged that Halliday’s systemic functional linguistics is especially instrumental in text analysis.However the Hallidayan linguistics fails to consider,or at least pay enough attention on the aspect of semantic evaluation(Wang,2001),which is the core conception of Appraisal System and its theoretical contribution of SFL by Martin and White.Appraisal is“a particular approach to exploring,describing and explaining the way language is used to evaluate,to adopt stances,to construct textual personas and to manage interpersonal positionings and relationships”(White 2001).The Appraisal Theory is an  extension of SFL,still under development,with most work so far focused on textual analysis especially media texts.Axelrod(2008)summarizes the two core concerns as how speakers adopt and indicate positive or negative attitudes and how people negotiate positioning with dialogic partners.
The Reasons for the present study：
American president Barrack Obama made an impressive presidential campaign during which his election speeches were highly praised by the media and the audiences home and abroad.There are various reasons behind his charm in which his successful speech delivery weights significantly in establishing his positive public image and achieving solidarity with the audience.
Speeches have been studied from different fields like pragmatics,stylistics and psychology,etc.This paper is located within in SFLwith a focus on interpersonal meaning from the discourse semantic perspective which is less investigated in Hallidayan linguistics but helpful in explaining how meanings are realized through the distributions, positioning and co-articulation of interpersonal resources across the texts.(Hood,2004) The writer is intended to make an analysis of Obama’s presidential election speeches from the perspective of appraisal theory and tries to elucidate how these appraisal elements contribute to locate attitudinal meanings and manage interpersonal relationships among audiences of different backgrounds.

Bibliography
[1]Axelrod,Lesley.www.emotion-in-hci.net1/3The missing link?:usingAppraisalAnalysisto decide whenHCIisemotionalLesleyAxelrod.2009,
[2]Berry,Margare An Introduction to Systemic Linguistics. https://www.51lunwen.org/usa/

 Vol.1.London:Batsford,1975.
[3]Chen Shufang.Appraisal System and Lexical Production[J].Shangdong Foreign Language Teaching.2002.6:28-30(陈淑芳.评价系统与词汇产出.山东外语教学2002第6期:28-30.)
[4]Fairclough,N.Language And Power[M].London:Longman.1989.
[5]Guang,Shuhong&Wang Yali.Interpersonal Meaning in Fiction Discourse[J].Foreign Languages and Their Te本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。