农产品质量安全问题的经济学浅析:Quality and safety of agricultural [4]
论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2013-08-10编辑:yangcheng点击率:4796
论文字数:25000论文编号:org201308091949173972语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:食品安全生产消费农业经济学
摘要:本文利用需求供给模型比较了两种市场经济条件下的农产品质量安全问题,揭示了农产品质量安全事故频出的主要原因是农产品质量的信息不对称、明显的外部性特征和典型的公共物品属性, 而这些因素在现实的市场经济情况下是经常的、普遍的, 因此, 只有靠政府加大监管力度, 才能消除农产品质量安全问题。
ery costly, the difficulty is particularly large. The pursuit of economic efficiency to maximize the producer, in the "government regulatory vacuum" and difficult for consumers to find their quality under the aegis of the dual problem, accusing him of "standard discount" for production. In addition, a sound agricultural product quality safety management system and the lack of means, the right to monitor the quality and safety of agricultural products, the producer may be produced before a set of monitoring, monitoring production after another, which resulted in the failure of the government's monitoring and management , resulting in the government and there is information asymmetry between producers. Therefore, with respect to the government, producers and traders generally have more information about the quality and safety of agricultural products.
Third, in the agricultural industry chain exists between the production and management information asymmetry. First, the upper and lower levels in the chain of information asymmetry between producers. Agricultural production is generally more long industrial chain, such as pork production, from feed, veterinary drugs production and management, to pigs, piglets, fattening pigs feeding, to pig slaughter and processing, pork product sales, primarily through between the upstream and downstream enterprises market contract (commodity contracts) traded, low level of integration. Secondly, the same level of information between producers is asymmetrical. For producers, the pursuit of profit as much as possible is undoubtedly its most fundamental reason for the organization of production. To achieve this goal, especially among the producers with one of the industry is bound to exist between producers competition. In accordance with the principles of economics, and only when a producer through its own technology to upgrade or expand the production scale and other ways to make their own labor time socially necessary labor time is reduced to an average of less is it possible to obtain the residual value. Accordingly, each producer established in order to maintain their market share, and even open up each other's market share, it will hide their mutual production status. In order to reduce costs as much as possible, even at the quality of agricultural products in order to reduce the cost to reduce production costs, followed by reducing the production cost to lower sales prices, which occupy more market share. For master new techniques and methods as well as "closed-door policy", but also leave no stone unturned to steal each other's information so that in a competitive market in a favorable position. Therefore, the producers of agricultural products quality and safety information is asymmetric.
Fourth, governments and consumers the information asymmetry between. In general, the government departments to grasp more agricultural information, but difficult to quickly and effectively passed on to consumers, resulting in consumers lack the information to make the right choices.
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