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一般来说,短期影响是无形的。在中期和长期的时间内,这个行业有一定的发展空间和潜在的竞争力,但没有明显的比较优势(制糖行业有一个可见的比较劣势)。这个领域有一定的本土化的特征。当地生产和销售占相当大的比例，国际贸易的影响并不大。因为大多数食品制造业市场化程度高，市场开放和工业成熟度(关税配额和国营贸易的70%对糖类来说是无足轻重的),加入WTO后进口攻击并不严重。

一般来说,短期影响不是有形的。从中长期来看,这个行业有一定的发展空间和潜在的竞争力,但没有明显的比较优势。这个领域有很强的本地化的特点(茶,天然泉水,白酒,黄酒),因此国际贸易的影响是不可见的(因为高运输成本和小贸易比例)。大多数饮料类别(如天然泉水和苏打水)有高程度的市场化,市场开放和产业成熟,加入WTO后不会面临严重的进口的攻击。国内市场需求很高,但主要是由于国内生产能力。关税利率将大幅下降,从2005年，高档酒和一些其他产品对国内葡萄酒行业有一定的影响。

食品加工和制造 Food processing and manufacturing

In general, the shorterm impact is not tangible. In the medium and long nm, this sector has certain development space and potential competitiveness, but has no visible comparative advantage (the sugar-making industry has a visible comparative disadvantage). This sector has certain characteristics of localization. Local production and sales account for a fairly large proportion and the impact of international trade is not great. As most food manufacturing sectors have high degrees of marketizahon, market opening and industrial maturity (tariff quotas and 70 percent of state-operated trade are preselwed for sugar), the import attack after WTO accession is not severe. After 2004 and 2005, tariff rates will drop significantly for dairy products, butter products and vegetable oils. The import permit and quota management for granulated sugar and fine white sugar are abolished upon WTO accession. Therefore, these sectors will face more severe import attacks.

饮料市场 Beverage making

In general, the short-term impact is not tangible. In the medium and long run, this sector has certain development space and potential competitiveness, but has no visible comparative advantage. This sector has strong characteristics of localization (more so for tea, natural spring water, liquor, yellow rice wine) and therefore the impact of international trade is not visible (because of high transport costs and small trade proportions). Most beverage sub-sectors (such as natural spring water and carbonated water) have high degrees of marketization, market opening and industrial maturity and will not face severe import attacks after WTO accession. Domestic market demand is high, but is mainly met by domestic production capacities. Tariff rates will drop significantly as from 2005 for high-grade wine and a few other products, and this will have certain impact on the domestic wine industry.

Tobacco processing In general, the short-term impact is not tangible. But in the medium and long run, this sector has little development space and is in a position of comparative disadvantage. This sector''s trend of globalization is not visible. Due to state monopoly, the degrees of marketization and market opening are not high. The degree of industrial maturity is average. Due to the impact of anti-smoking campaign, the potential of domestic market demand is average. In the long run, mixed type of cigarettes will further squeeze out the flue-cured cigarettes. The domestic producers of mixed type of cigarettes are basically i本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。