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小企业的贡献

政策制定者面临着不断增长的担忧，例如失业率增加，缺乏创造就业机会，经济增长差和全球化的问题，他们认为创业是解决这些问题的途径。（Thurik和Wennekers，2004;的Vesper，博登和罗马在Carland等人，1999年）。

在过去的十年中（2000），全球各地的政治家们指出强调了小企业的重要性，他们在创造就业，创新长期的经济增长和发展的机制方面有很大突出。然而，欧洲国家对企业经济的宣传报道说，在一般情况下，含有95％以上的大型企业创造空间，即使在欧洲经济95％的企业其实都是小的，但它们却提供了更多的甚至超过一半的就业岗位，却很少在媒体报道中给予这些情况报道。

有一些术语特指小企业时使用。一般的情况下，如在肯尼亚这些术语包括中小企业和微型规模的企业（SMME），在非洲包括小中等规模企业（SME）和中小企业或小公司。本研究针对中小企业，因为他们具有创造就业机会的潜力，为肯尼亚国内生产总值（Rwigema与文特尔，2004）作出了重大贡献。

The Small Business Sector Economics Essay

Policy makers who have been confronted with growing concerns about the increases in unemployment, lack of job creation, poor economic growth and globalisation believe that entrepreneurship is the solution to these concerns (Thurik and Wennekers, 2004; Vesper, Boden, and Roman in Carland et al, 1999).

Storey (2000) noted that politicians around the globe have, over the past decade, emphasised the importance of small enterprises as mechanisms for job creation, innovation, and the long-term growth and development of economies. However, the media coverage in the European economy on business, in general, contains over 95% of column space for large businesses even though, in the European economy 95% of all firms are in fact small and provide more than half of all jobs in Europe, yet little media coverage is afforded to these entities.

There are a number of terms used when referring to a small business. These include the term Small Medium and Micro sized enterprise (SMME) as in the case in Kenya and Africa in general, Small Medium sized enterprise (SME) and, the generic term, small business or small firm. This study focuses on SMEs since they are regarded as the ones with the potential for job creation and makes a substantial contribution to GDP of Kenya (Rwigema and Venter, 2004).

The “small firm”, like the term entrepreneurship, has numerous definitions (Culkin and Smith, 2000). The ‘objective’ measures which one would want to use to define a small firm cannot be agreed upon by the various researchers. For example, the different sectors of an economy will have different interpretations of the word ‘small’. Some authors use turnover as a measure; some use the number of employees; some use profitability or net worth as a measure. Some researchers use a combination of measures like number of employees and turnover.

In order to overcome the conflicting opinions of a small firm, the Department of Trade and Industry in the UK (Culkin and Smith, 2000) provided the following definitions or classifications of small, micro, medium and large sized enterprises: Micro-firm: 0 - 9 employees; Small firm: 0 - 99 employees (includes micro); Medium firm: 50 - 249 employees; and Large firm: over 250 employees.

2.2 The Role of the Small Firm

Garavan, ó Cinnéide, Fleming, McCarthy and Downey (1997) suggest that small firms, in contrast to larger organisations, are the most prolific source of innovation practices in many sectors, and their importance to the vigour and health of an industrial economy is widely recognised.

Sweeney (1981) concurs that the small firm is the primary source for entrepreneurship and innovation in the economy. Sweeney (1981) continues by stating that existing evidence points to a strong and broadly based small firm sector as the essential i本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。