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Chapter One Literature Review

1.1 The study on intercultural communication abroad
Intercultural communication, as an interdisciplinary subject became popular inthe United States in the late 1950s. This is related to the special situation in the UnitedStates and abroad. Historically speaking, the United States is a multicultural countrywith groups of different culture integrated in. Cultural diversity provides fertileground for intercultural communication research. There are also three importantreasons for the rise and blossom of intercultural communication blossom. The firstone is globalization resulting from the development of high technology and moderneconomy; the second one is there appeared various of culture and subculture groupssome of which have their own characteristics differing from the mainstream culture ofUnited States; the third reason is the individual consciousness that Americans want tobe persons good at intercultural communication in modern society since the UnitedStates is the largest trading nation in the world.It has been generally accepted that Edward I. Hall is the father of interculturalcommunication research. The famous The Silent Language written by him which waspublished in 1959 is considered as the first book about intercultural communication.In The Silent Language, Hall demonstrated the culture teaching diagramsystematically, explains what was culture revolution，declared the view of “ culture iscommunication”, initiated “time language” and “space language” and he gave vividcommentary for his theory, intending to help people break cultural shackles andescape from the cultural cage.
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1.2 Domestic study of intercultural communication
Studies of intercultural communication in China has a relatively short history butit drew wide spread interest. Intercultural communication was first introduced intoChina in 1980s with some linguists’ effort experiencing its growth. Linguists asDengYanchang and Hu Wenzhong have made some significant exploration forintercultural communication in pragmatics, comparative study of Chinese and foreignlanguages and cultures. Since 1988, Professor Hu Wenzhong has published severalarticles on inter-cultural communication. One of them worthy of our special attentionis Culture and Communication, in which for the first time, the researches on thedomestic social linguistics, cultural linguistics , pragmatics, teaching Chinese as aforeign language and culture teaching in foreign language teaching process areintegrated to give readers a clear map for study on intercultural communication.From1995 to 1997, some professional papers about intercultural communicationwere published written by some famous linguists and professors such as WangHonyin, Hu Wenzhong, Gao Yihong. In addition, with the development ofintercultural communication-related disciplines, there was increasing number ofintercultural communication-related papers published in domestic magazines.The establishment of some professional institutes and associations promote thedevelopment of intercultural communication research in China. The first InternationalConference of China Association for Intercultural Communication held in Harbin in1995 marks the establishment of China Association for Intercultural Communication(CAFIC). In 2013, the tenth CAFIC International Conference was held in Hainan.
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