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nal system of old which is 'Golden Section'. To avoid the system which lead to monotony based upon a 1 plus 1 plus 1 rhythm (ad infinitum), Corbusier felt that a system of proportion was the answer to the mass production of building parts but not of identical units. To serve the needs of mass production today, Corbusier took some time to develop a more refined system which is the Modular. With the Modular system with its proportionate scale, architecture building in 20th century no longer isolated due to the possible an infinite number of variations within a unit system of construction.

The Aluminaire (case study)

The Aluminaire (1931) was chosen for the case study. It was designed by architects A. Lawrence Kocher and Albert Frey for the exhibition of Architectural League 1931 in New York. It was one of the earliest examples of modern architecture by a disciple of Le Corbusier.

The Aluminaire house was constructed with light steel and aluminum which is the first in America. Aesthetically, it is a pure forms which devoid of vernacular reference and metaphor, with independently design of a site. Although it was assembly of standard machined materials but it does not itself evoke the metaphor of machine, almost like the Citrohan project 1921 by Le Corbusier. The house was designed for low-cost, mass produces housing and, if it was produced in quantities of ten thousand or more would have cost only thirty-two hundred dollars. In the article of 'Real Estate Subdivisions For Low-Cost Housing', Kocher and Frey further explored their ideals of improved land use and industrial production with two schemes which is use of minimally sized lots for single family low-cost building and improving the layout of the building. The schemes employed a prototype identical to the Aluminaire and disposed similarly to the Le Corbusier's Pessac housing of 1925.

The Aluminaire represented the advanced architectural expression and advanced building technology and it exemplified of Le Corbusier's the 'Five Points toward a New Architecture' in a typically Le Corbusian fashion.

At the ground level there an open air porch which are a drive through garage, an entry, a dumbwaiter, and utilities. The floor above was encompasses the whole area of the volume. The bedroom with beds was suspended from the ceiling at here by separated from an exercise room and bathroom with a folding screen. The living room is pulled off the ground plane seventeen foot high with slender pilotis and to become double height piano nobile. The two story space, separated from the dining room by a built in glass and metal framed cupboard that houses an extendable dining room table. The table's rubber top retracts around a cylinder, somewhat like a window shade. The top floor contains a library, the bathroom with the cantilevered shower stall, and a roof terrace floored in resilient asphalt tile with a parapet sheathed on the inside in asbestos cement board.

Ribbon windows wrap the building, giving it a light and airy quality. It was designed for rapid assembly and disassembly with the notion that it could be relocated at the whim of the owner. Outdoor patio were provided, and the plan was left relatively 'free'.

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