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中国经济的发展在是二零一二年，在这一年很多全球性的经济政策都在变化。有五十九个国家重新选择了领导人，包括很多发达国家像美国，中国，俄罗斯以及法国。这些国家的人口在世界范围之内超过百分之五十三，并且占据全球超过一半的GDP生产总值。在中国最为重要的政治事件就是第十八届全国人民代表大会在北京召开。习近平被任命接替胡锦涛担任中共中央总书记、中共中央军事委员会主席。预计到2013年3月在第九届全国人民代表大会(NPC),他还将成为国家主席,李克强将被任命为主要的国务院取代温家宝。根据过去的经验,在接下来的十年习近平和李克强将是中国最强大的决策者。因此,他们的性格和领导能力将严重影响中国未来发展的一个主要方向。在普通的政治领域之中习近平和李克强被认为是中共第五代领导。

在相对平衡之下经济在快速增长，繁荣是用来证明他们的执政权力的合法性。然而,尽管在过去的二十年里经济快速增长和繁荣,但是仍有很多问题和挑战存在在中国经济和社会。最大的问题和挑战是党和国家官员的腐败猖獗,环境污染和不断上升的富人和穷人之间的经济不平等。因此,新一代领导人面临的最重要的任务是缓解或解决这些问题。

China's Economic Development in 2012 The year 2012 witnessed many changes in global politics. Fifty nine countries re-elected their new leaders, including the most powerful countries like the US, China, Russia and France. These countries accounted for over 53% of the global population and about half of the world GDP (Zakaria, 2011).1 The most important political event in China was the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) held in November 2012 in Beijing. Xi Jinping was appointed to succeed Hu Jintao as Party General Secretary and Chairman of the CCP Military Committee. It is expected that by March 2013 at the Ninth National People’s Congress (NPC), he will also become State President, and Li Keqiang will be appointed as primary ministry of the State Council to replace Wen Jiabo. Based on past experiences, Xi and Li will be China’s most powerful decision makers for the next decade. As a result, their personality and leadership skills will critically affect China’s future development in a major way. In plain political language, Xi and Li are regarded as the fifth generation leadership of the CCP. The first two generations of leadership led by Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping had their natural legitimacy due to their military and revolutionary background, the latter three generations led by Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao/Wen Jiabao, and Xi Jinping/Li Keqiang have been and will be based on their ability and popularity to create their legitimacy to rule the party and the state.

Fast economic growth and prosperity have been two important reasons to justify the legitimacy of their ruling power by Jiang and Hu/Wen. However, despite fast growth and rising prosperity in the last two decades, there have been many problems and challenges in the Chinese economy and society. The biggest problems and challenges are rampant corruption of party and state officials, environmental pollution and rising inequality between the rich and the poor. Consequently, the most important tasks faced by the new generation leadership are to mitigate or resolve these problems. The year 2012 was the starting point for the new leadership to demonstrate their ability and willingness to make changes that will give China and the Chinese people a better and more hopeful future. As a result, it is important for us to understand what had happened in China during the year in more detail. In 2012, China faced both internal and external challenges amidst the world financial crisis and the European debt crisis. Externally, export growth and foreign capital inflows slowed down due to a sharp contraction in the bilateral trades between China and its largest trading partners, including the EU, the US and Japan. Despite its efforts to diversify its international trade with India, Brazil, Russia, Africa and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, the volume of trade grew by only 6.2% in 2012, compared to 22.5% in the previous 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。