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摘要：在加入WT0以来，我国外贸出口上升趋势显著，贸易顺差大幅度增长，引发了一些国际贸易摩擦。2004年前，反倾销措施一直是外国对我国进行贸易制裁的最主要形式，反补贴措施则从未使用过。但在2004年，加拿大连续对我国发起3起反补贴调查，这标志着贸易摩擦出现了新形式。可以预见，在未来的几年，反补贴将继反倾销之后逐渐成为发达国家对中国进行贸易遏制的重要手段。本文从加拿大对华反补贴现状入手，分析了加拿大对华反补贴的原因、影响，并提出了我国应对反补贴的主要策略，以便扭转这种不利局面，促进我国对外贸易的长远发展。

Abstract: Since China entered the WTO, along with the stability and rapid of our country's economic growth, the economic strength of our country has been strengthened significantly. And this rapid development of foreign trade of China and huge trade surplus caused the friction in international trade . Before 2004, anti-dumping measures have been the main means of trade containment by developed countries. But since the countervailing investigations launched by Canada against china in 2004, the trade friction appeared new form. As more and more countries determined the market economy status of China, it is foreseeable that in the next few years, the countervailing to China will be the important means of trade containment by developed country following the anti-dumping. The paper is first about the countervailing situation, then analyses the reason, impact, and in the end puts forward some strategies in order to reverse the negative situation and promote long-term development of China's foreign trading.

Key words: Subsidies; Countervailing; SCM; Countermeasure

One, Canada's anti-subsidy status quo
(A) Subsidies and Countervailing
A. The definition and classification of subsidies
Subsidies and Countervailing Measures Agreement (hereinafter referred to as the SCM Agreement) defines the concept of subsidies, specifically refers to the territory of a member of the party, by the Government or any public agency (or government mandates, and commissioned by the private sector) to beneficiaries (refer to certain businesses, a business or industry or group of enterprises or industries) provided financial assistance or take the income or price support, and thus the benefits conferred. Subsidies identified three conditions: First, the subsidy is provided by the government or public body; Second, the subsidies in the form of financial assistance or any form of income or price support subsidies; third, related companies or industries to benefit. Subsidies for special orientation and non-special orientation, and provides subsidies only characteristic of special orientation before the prohibition of the Agreement and constraints.
SCM Agreement to subsidies is divided into three categories, namely prohibited subsidies, actionable subsidies and non-actionable subsidies (non-actionable subsidies expire on December 31 in 1999).

(1) prohibited subsidies
Often referred to as the "Red subsidies. Means the member shall not grant or maintain subsidies because such subsidies distort the direct import and export trade. Two ways: export subsidies and import substitution subsidies. The former refers to the law or in fact upon export performance for the conditions given subsidies; The latter refers to the subsidies given to the use of domestic goods as a condition.

(2) actionable subsidies
Is often called "yellow subsidies. Refers to the addition to prohibited subsidies, as long as the subsidy has a special orientation and adversely affect the causal relationship between the two, it can be identified actionable subsidies, that is not banned but can not be exempted from the subsidies in question , adverse impact to other members of the importing Member shall have the right to seek relief.

(3) non-actionable subsidies
Often called "green subsidies". Refers to the various members of the general implementation from other members of the accused, or taken countervailing measures, subsidies. The 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。