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网络及社会资本的影响分析 Networks and Social Capital Influence [2]

论文作者:meisishow论文属性:职称论文 Scholarship Papers登出时间:2014-07-12编辑:meisishow点击率:12192

论文字数:5436论文编号:org201407081737537457语种:英语 English地区:新西兰价格:免费论文

关键词:NetworksSocial CapitalInfluence社会资本网络

摘要:社会资本是指个体或团体之间的关联——社会网络、互惠性规范和由此产生的信任,是人们在社会结构中所处的位置给他们带来的资源!社会资本是社会学家首先使用过的一个概念,最早把社会资本概念化的是Granovetter,但学术界至今对究竟何为社会资本尚未形成统一概念,不同的学者从其学科范畴与研究范式出发,对社会资本概念作出了不同的界定。

neur is also the one who attempts to organize resources in new and more valuable ways and is willing to face full responsibility for the consequence.The entrepreneur may also be a special person who brings about transformation of companies (McClelland, 1961), is always a decision maker and his choice determines the development of enterprises.


Social networks can give entrepreneurs opportunities to understand the knowledge and analyze situations about the market much well and can offer the answer to how to serve for the market and customers. For example, it is necessary to strengthen the relations with closed enterprises to obtain information and knacks for their own enterprises, which are oriented by high level knowledge (Larson, 1993). Eckhardt (2003) states that the potential entrepreneur may have more opportunity to absorb the associated knowledge, cases and professionals, if there are many successful entrepreneurs among their families, relatives and friends. In a general way, the more successful entrepreneurs are around, the greater influence of innovation will be explored, because personal social networks can enhance the entrepreneurs’ ability to face the risk of their innovation properly. The external influence of social networks on entrepreneurs not only offers the inner information, but also the resources or capital under some circumstances. For instance, it is a not easy to get loan from bank or other formal organizations. Then, someone or some enterprise may solve your problem due to the social networks. And entrepreneurs prefer to make the persons who are in their social network like families or relatives play important roles in the enterprise (Busenitz, 2003). At the early process of enterprise forming, networks can simplify the management system and decrease costs. Meanwhile, network also help the company develop rapidly. For example, a high technology enterprise need build cooperation relation with some famous companies, universities, and scientific research institutions to boost the progress. Social networks can broaden the entrepreneurs’ horizon and expand their knowledge.
 
Turnbull (1996) indicates that the business networks and the importance for how business activities are carried out has been a vital topic over the last few years. The relationships in the business networks varied due to the situations of the economy. In addition, vertical relationships often include economic exchange which seldom is horizontal relationships, because these relationships are basic on information and social exchanges (Easton and Araujo, 1992). Caves (1977) demonstrate that traditionally neo-classical economic theory has been applied to the explanation of competition, and competition is described as different structures. Industrial organization theory to some degree criticizes neo-classical theory that it has advanced knowledge of competition, and the dependency between enterprises at imperfect markets is discussed.


Hunt (1972) analyzes competitive competition at the middle level, between the industry level and the company level, lead that seizing differences that exist within an industry is possible. So networks and relationships in the business networks can be observed and analyzed. Competition is an interactive process where individual and compositional perceptions and experience have a great effect on organizational actions, and thus affect interactions between论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。

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