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n inter-discipline of education and ecology and it is a new way for the studies ofeducation by drawing on the regular patterns and research methods of ecology. It is adiscipline to study the regular patterns of the mutual effects between education and externalenvironment, among the elements of the internal systems and between the individual studentand the real society. (Cremin 1980)Fan (2000: 27-28) holds that educational ecology is to study the regular patterns andmechanism of the mutual effects between education and its external environments. Moreexactly, it adopts the ecological concepts of system, balance, contact and dynamic to studyeducation, and regards education as an open ecological system which has close contact withits ecological environments such as natural, social, psychological, economical, political,cultural environments.Huang (2007) believes that educational ecology is a boundary subject formed by thecombination of education, ecology, psychology and sociology, etc. Based on the principlesand methods of ecology, especially the principles of entirety, contact and balance, educationalecology is devoted to examining the mutual relations, effects and adaptation between variouskinds of internal structures of education system and its external environments; studying allkinds of education phenomena and their causes; discussing the characteristics and functions ofeducation system and the basic law of its evolution and development, such as educationecological system, education ecological balance and education ecological niche; andexploring the approaches and methods of realizing the optimal education ecological structure.
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2.2 Literature Review of Researches on Educational Ecology
The studies on educational ecology originate from the west. In 1976, Cremin put forwardthe theory of educational ecology for the first time, opening a new era of the educationalecology study. From then on, various kinds of ideas about educational ecology come out insuccession. Eggleston, J (1977) studies the distribution of educational resources and pointsout that educational ecology focuses on the behavior and lifestyle of the organism andexplains the relationship between the organism and its surrounding environment. (Fan2000:15) Entering the 1980s, the studies on educational ecology become wider and wider,some researchers begin to study education on the basis of environment and development.Meanwhile, some researchers begin to study some micro ecological problems. Goodlad, J.I.(1987) focuses on the research on the micro ecology of school and emphasizes that schoolconstruction should start from management, and take overall consideration of all kinds ofecological elements so as to establish a healthy ecological system and improve theeffectiveness of running schools. Bowers, C. A. (1990, 1993, 1993) studies the micro ecologyof classroom and the macro educational ecological problems of education, culture, ecologicalcrisis. (Fan 2000:16)In comparison, some issues involved in individual research report or dissertation aremore concrete, such as the ecological studies on special children education, the studies on theinteraction among families, schools and communities and the studies on the teacher-studentrelationship.
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3 Research Methodology..... 22
3.1 Subjects ..... 22
3.2 Instruments ...... 22
3.2.1 Class recordings ...... 23
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