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nally decides to rebel against common customs bravely after she tries hardest to be good, her bad luck which is caused by other’s mistakes conspires to get her into trouble, as condemnation by the society and discard by her husband. All of these is too injustice to endure, so the rebellion cannot be avoided, no more than a time matter. I. Different Reasons for the Rebellion of Tess A. Reasons for Subsistence 1. A Hard Life for Peasants In Tess’s time, the society is full of tremendous changes in almost every respect. The industrial revolution continues to develop in spite of the social evils that accompanied. The emergence of locomotives throws Britain into a frenzy of railway building. Agriculture is further mechanized. Trade and commerce grow apace, driving more peasants, hand spinners and weavers to the crowded factories of the smoky cities. The great transformation makes England from an agricultural base to an industrial base, under the process of industrialism and the disintegration of peasantry. More and more peasants become impoverished and live a miserable life. Rural workers produce beyond subsistence. As a daughter of a poor villager, and a wage-laborer later, it is very difficult for Tess to live a better life with her family. 2. Unequal Morality for Female The highest virtue of the Victorian woman is sexual purity, and adultery is the worst of all possible sins. Her dress concealed her whole body except her hands and face, and to show an ankle or a shoulder is considered ‘improper’. Public notions on sexual morals are that woman must remain virgin before marriage, but men could have their fling. The sexual morals are presumably rooted in people’s rational minds: when either men or women engaged in sexual lapses, the former would be forgiven and the later would be condemned. As Engel’s in the "family, private ownership and national origin," the book states: "All women are considered serious offenders and the legal and social consequences of everything. For men are considered an honor, at best, but can appreciate the moral acceptance of small stain." It seems so innocent from the dialogue, “How could I be expected to know? I was a child when I left this house four months ago, why didn’t you tell me there was danger in men-folk? Why didn’t you warn me? Ladies know that…” [1]. But Tess wins no comfort and consolation, instead, “she is surrounded by ‘a cloud of moral hobgoblins’ which terrify her ‘without reasons” [1]. Then, the same sexual experience, Angle is pardoned but she is abused. Is it equal that any kind of sexual encounter would earn a young woman moral rebuke and social condemnation, regardless of how the man involved conducted himself? Moreover, the whole society turns against Tess, which aggravates her miserable life. Why is Tess’s girlish purity lost? Why do the bad so often ruin the good? Why is beauty damaged by ugliness? Thousands of years of philosophy cannot give us the answers to these questions. These things happen, and have always happened. After suffering so much, Tess was not afraid of the dark or the shadows; it is people she is anxious to avoid. Although she has broken an accepted social rule, it is not her mistake. 3. Male Domination of Women Half of this world is female and the other part is male. The critically speaking, man and woman should be equal. But that time, woman is the slave and private property of husband, without say-no. Men dominate women like the being. He expects to b