留学生组织学论文 [7]
论文作者:英语论文论文属性:课程作业 Coursework登出时间:2014-09-15编辑:zcm84984点击率:10365
论文字数:5232论文编号:org201409131106491247语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:组织学论文组织规则遵循规则工作场所道德标准
摘要:本文是一个组织学方面的留学生理论论文,组织所定义的约束,每一个员工都要遵循规则。规范,是另外一方面,它在文献中已被定义为:一个特殊的社会群体行为的容忍或预期的范围。
e decisions regarding his or her work
Autonomy in goal attainment, Self efficacy and risk propensity for risk were measured by a separate questionnaire that the respondents were asked to fill as the first part of the study. All three variables were assessed with established measures adapted from previous literatures. Responses were gauged on the 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly agree, 5 = strongly disagree).
The survey also assessed gender and age. Only gender was used as the control variable as the age group targeted by us was of a very narrow range (22-30).
Autonomy in goal attainment was measured with the 8-item scale developed by Beck, Epstein, Harrison & Emery (1983). Sample items of the scale are the following: “If I think I am right about something, I feel comfortable expressing myself even if others don't like it.” and “It is more important to meet your own objectives on a task than to meet another person's objective” Using Cronbach's alpha the Reliability of the scale obtained was 0.732 which is higher than the expected standards.
Self Efficacy was measured with a 7-item scale developed by Bandura A. (1977). The original scale developed by Bandura was a 17-item scale but Gareth R. Jones modified reduced the scale to 7 for the purpose of his study. We have adopted this reduced 7-item scale for the purpose of our study. Two examples of items are the following: “I have all the technical knowledge I need to deal with my job, all I need now is practical experience” and “I feel confident that my skills and abilities equal or exceed those of my future colleagues.” The scale's reliability as obtained by Cronbach's alpha was 0.635. This is a bit lower than the expected standard of 0.7. This may be due to the fact that the 17-item scale was reduced to 7 items.
Risk Propensity was measured using a 4-item scale developed by Gomez-Mejia and Balkin (1989). Sample items are the following: “I am not willing to take risks when choosing a job or a company to work for,” and “I prefer a low risk/high security job with a steady salary over a job that offers high risks and high rewards.” The reliability of the scale was acceptable 0.823.
Results
The means, standard deviations, correlations and measures of internal consistency (Cronbach's α) can be found in the below table. All variables are significantly correlated with each other.
MEAN
1. Autonomy in goal attainment
16.49
4.302
1
2. Risk Taking Propensity
9.57
1.679
.641
1
3. Self Efficacy
17.41
3.613
.383
.266
1
4. Positive Workplace Deviance
16.57
2.55
.463
.541
.611
1
Notes: . Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Autonomy in goal attainment is significantly and positively correlated with risk taking propensity. Autonomy in goal attainment is also significantly and positively correlated to self efficacy and positive workplace deviance. It was also found that Self Efficacy is also significantly and positively correlated to positive workplace deviance. Risk taking propensity is also significantly and p
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