English Vocabulary and Social Development [4]
论文作者:何宁 论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-02-04编辑:gcZhong点击率:12149
论文字数:12300论文编号:org200904291534177641语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:EnglishvocabularySocial developmentChanges
vocabulary is becoming more and more opulent and active in it s use. Second , politics and economy is another resource of new word. Although the speedy progress of the science and tech2 nology push human society forward swif tly , it brings about some side effect s as well. The unbalance of politics and econ2 omy among different count ries is a prominent one. From the historical point of view , politics and economy are always closely connected with each other. Sometimes , the relation between them is properly dealt with and the opposite coun2 t ries or groups can co2exist s well. In consequence of this , many political or economic organizations are established within a relatively large or small region. The most famous examples are OPEC (Organization of the pet roleum Expor2 ting Count ries) , APECO (Asian2Pacific Economic Coopera2 tion Organization) , UNEXCO (United Nation Educational , Scientific and Cultural Organiztion) ,WTO (World Trade Or2 ganization) , WHO ( World Health Organization ) . In re2 verse , if some problems between count ries cannot be get rid of successfully , the situation will be deteriorated , conflict s even wars may break out and words indicating international st ruggles or carrying a tint of military are bored. For exam2 ple , we call USA " superpower" because it can enforce it s will upon the most powerful states. China belongs to " the Third World " for it remains a developing count ry in many aspect s. The Middle East area is regarded as the " hot spot " for wars and conflict s are never stopped for a long time. In addition , we have a series of protest words like " sit2in" , " live2in" , " die2in" , " work2in" , " pray2in" , which describe ways of protest against race discrimination. Last , changes of science and technology , political and e2 conomy cont ribute to changes in other fields of social life , which cause the f requent appearance of new words and cau2 tious use of English words. For example , the women’s liber2 ation and st ruggles for racial equality. Sexism has always been effecting the development of English vocabulary. In modern society , with the increase awareness of sex equality and women’s right , more and more women are st ruggling up for women’s liberation. Thus , some words used before and containing a shade of sexism should be abandoned for good and all. In our speech and writings , we should use "ancestor" rather than "forefather" ; "member of the clergy" instead of "clergyman" ; " reporter " or " jour2 nalist" rather than " newsman" . " Chairperson" is preferred when we mention a person who presides at a meeting. More2 over , saying a person is a "woman lawyer" or " a woman ten2 nis player" also implies that she is an exception to the rule. The same applies to terms like " male nurse" and " career girl" . " Femininelogic " illust rates the most negatively biased use of the modifier tactic since it implies lack of logic. Simi2 larly , biased terms like " mannish " " womanish" " effemi2 nate" should also be abandoned. As for racialism , although racialism still remains in A2 merican society , the US legislation has stipulated in explicit terms that racialism is illegal. So , in people’s daily interac2 tion and communication , it is essential to avoid using some words which have a tint of racialism. For this reason , eu2 phemism is duly applied in some particular situations. For instance , "multicultural" is used instead of " multi2racial" ; " civil disturbances"is used instead of " ra
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