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Nowadays people are rarely surprised by the fact that a person expresses a sentence inChinese with English words embedded in it. Even those who do not understand Englishcannot fail to come across with the phenomenon. However, it is hard to offer a settleddefinition for code-witching, for it never remains still. Since the term “code-switching”caught great amount of attention of linguistics, it has been surrounded by a flood ofdefinitions from various aspects. As is known, code-switching and code-mixing are inblurred boundary. In general, those definitions roughly go into three groups.One group is considered to be clear-cut, that is, the comparison betweencode-switching and code-mixing, which is represented by the definitions given by Bokama(1989), taking both linguistic and psychological claims into account. According to him,code-switching is the mixing of words, phrases and sentences appearing in the same speechevent from two distinct grammatical subsystems across sentence boundaries, which isregarded as intersentential switching; while code-mixing is the embedding of variouslinguistic units such as affixes (bound morphemes), words (unbound morphemes), phrasesand clauses from two distinct grammatical subsystems within the same sentence andspeech event, working as intrasentential switching. (Bokamba, 1989: 278-279)The second group includes the claims offered by the scholars who indicate that thereis no such definition to tell apart code-switching and code-mixing, but they are coveredwithin the same definition frame. This has reached the agreement among some scholars,presenting in their works (Bhatia, 1989; Myers-Scotton 1993a; Romaine, 1989; Verschuren,1999).
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2.2 Relevant Concepts
Code-switching has become a linguistic phenomenon of system, which attracts a greatdeal of scholar’s attention. More and more scholars have conducted a series of relatedstudies and got the distinguished achievements. Code-switching, the label of a linguisticphenomenon has been filled with the explanation from different linguistic aspects; andthere is the comparison between code-switching and other easily-mixed concepts. As is known, code-switching and lexical borrowings share some degree of similaritywhich lies in the motivation and process of production. Nowadays, there is often a timewhen an expression gap appears in a language because of lexicon refreshment anddevelopment. Thus, the borrowing of exact word from another language occurs to fill theexpression blank, which, to some degree, is mixed with code-switching, for in both cases,the insertion of language elements from one language to another language is carried out tofulfill the requirement of exact expressing.
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Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework ....... 20
3.1 Myers-Scotton: Matrix Language Frame Model ....... 20
3.2 Muysken’s Typology ......... 21
3.3 Sociolinguistic Approach........ 22
3.3.1 Markedness Model ....... 22
3.3.2 Clyne: Triggering & Principle of Least Effort...... 24
3.4 Verschueren’s Linguistic Adaptation Theory........ 24
3.5 The Register Theory of Functional Grammar ...... 27
Chapter 4 Research Design..... 28
4.1 Research Methodology ...... 28
4.2 Data Collection ........ 29
4.2.1Fashion Magazine..... 30
4.3 Procedure Data Analysis......... 31
Chapter 5 Results and Discussion .... 33
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