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olism, Hawthorne describes the fate of each figure. With his deep-going thoughts and sharp eyes, he gains an insight into the society, religion and the civilization of human being. Prynne Hester stands for natural human feeling, symbolizing the struggle for happiness and freedom. The persecution of Puritanism does not make her give up, but makes her a liberal woman, who is skillful in observing, thinking and struggling. Her charm embodies in her beauty, her loyal to love, her courage to pursue happiness and her dignity of human personality. Dimmesdale is not only a mouthpiece of Puritanism, but also a victim of it. His great mistake is to devote himself to religion but deny human nature. He considers his love as disloyal to God and thinks his only way to atone for his crime is to die. When dying, he realizes the importance of being true and honest. Pearl symbolizes happiness and bright future. When she grows up, she lives a happy life, ironically in another country instead of her own. It goes without saying that even if she could live happily in such dark New England, she would have to wait for a long period.
Learned as he is, Chillingworth misleads himself to avenge on his rival in love till he becomes an unpardonable man in the world. His disgraceful end and people’s great respect for Hester show that unjustness can be corrected by love instead of revenge. In a word, in The Scarlet Letter, what Hawthorne concerns with is the moral, emotional and psychological effect of the sin on the people in general. The letter “A” helps him to explore the human soul. It is not a praise of Hester Prynne’s sin, but a hymn to the moral growth of the woman when sinning against moral laws. It is his concern with moral or ethical problems and his talent in dealing with them in the form of the letter “A” that attain him success in this novel.
 
Ⅴ. Conclusion  结论
 
     Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter is one of the most analyzed and most discussed literary works in American literature. Hawthorne’s ambiguity and his intense use of symbols have made this work incredibly complex and bothersome. Symbolism shows the greatness of an author’s ability to supply meaning to his work. This device of symbolism is portrayed well in the novel. It also shows the pride an author takes in his work. Nathaniel Hawthorne’s use of symbolism in The Scarlet Letter shows his greatness to produce a novel of the highest possible caliber. These are the reasons why Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter is most famous symbolic novel ever to be written in American literature.
 
References  参考文献

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