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both the level of organisms and superorganism was best left to its own devices, (Spencer, 1893).
 
In this we can seethen a tension inherent within the work of Spencer. For on the one hand changeis to be welcomed but on the other change is nothing which humans can affect orif they do affect will only be in a negative sense as they impede the workingsof the natural laws of evolution. Spencer believed that the nuclear family likesituation was the proper and natural relationship structure between the sexesand went so far as to lament the trend towards higher and further education ofwomen in his time as impeding their natural tendencies towards reproduction,(Spencer, 1898). Like Darwin he saw the development of characteristics withinmen and women as complementary and as part of the overall synthesis in whichsuperorganic evolution would take place. These characteristics were to see menas the more energetic and competitive, extolling in other words traditionallyheld views on 'manly' virtues of the time. Women conversely were more passive,more intuitive and possessed of a caring instinct which led to the propensityand better suitability for rearing the offspring within a relationship,(Spencer, 1898).
 
Both Spencer's andDarwin's sexism must be viewed in the light of broader social views on womenyet at the time of their writing other developments were occurring whichoffered opposing viewpoints to these prevailing notions. One of the dominantquestions in the UK at the turn of the 20th century was the 'Woman'Question as the UK saw a large mobilisation of feminist and other groupings agitatingfor the implementation of universal suffrage, (Desmond, 1989). While for manyDarwin's work legitimated traditional and conservative attitudes towards the marinatingof certain structures within society for others it led to radicalinterpretations and theorising concerning possible structures which societycould take and how specific existing structures which were unfair or perceivedto be as such could be removed, (Bowler, 1990). As some have commented thenDarwin's work almost in a sense had something for everyone who read it whatevertheir political leanings were.
 
Havelock Ellisembraced both Social Darwinism and the Eugenics movement. While SocialDarwinists were relatively confined to theorising about the issues raised bythe ideas of Darwin in their application to Society Eugenics took those ideasand combined them with an express desire to implement policies within societyreflecting these biological laws. Eugenics has often been associated with theright of politics and the excesses of the Nazi's in particular but to do so isto simplify a complex political movement, (Kelves, 1995). In particular in theUK the Eugenics movement attracted numerous left wing radicals who saw in it's articulationof rational scientific laws of governance based on the principals of evolutiona perfect engine for radical legislative change. While there were certainlytensions between radicals and conservatives within the UK Eugenics movement itcan be argued that radical socialists were a consistent feature of this meldingsocialism, Social Darwinism, political reformism and Eugenics into a workablemovement criticising particular structures within UK society at the time,(Searle, 1976).
 
Havelock Ellis isparticularly representative of this. However while Ellis was a committedcampaigner on the issue of women's right本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。