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Police officers are highly susceptible to a multitude of physical issues. Officers have to worry about physical problems caused by criminals and internalized stress. '...what most law enforcement officers do not understand is the enormous destructive, if not deadly, physiological (internal) effect of stress on the human body' (Lindsey & Kelly, 2004, p. 2). They are always at risk from gunshot wounds, car accidents during a high speed chase, knives, and any other weapon used against them. More alarming is the stress that comes from the inability to cope with their issues. '(Research) also found that officers experiences increased risk of mortality and morbidity from cancer, heart disease, hypertension, acute migraine headaches, reproductive problems, chronic back problems, foot problems, and insomnia' (Harpold & Feemster, 2002, p. 3). There are also problems involving the gastrointestinal tract, digestive system, liver, kidneys, and basically any other internal part of the body. Police also have to worry about exposure to chemicals from gun cleaning solvents, materials on the highway, drugs found at crime scenes, and blood borne pathogens found on victims. A study by Dennis Lindsey and Sean Kelly (2004) actually found that 'the life expectancy in the United States is 74.4 years for men and 80.1 years for women. In a 40-year study, police officers with 10 to 19 years of service had an average age of death of 66 years'. The internal and external stressors of the job are literally killing them from the inside.

Emotional

Dealing with constant strain, officers are at a much higher risk for various emotional issues such as depression and other mental problems. 'Results indicated that exposure to multiple negative life events is significantly associated with elevated depression scores in officers' (Violanti et al., 2009, p. 2). They are constantly under pressure to perform, by societal and personal expectations. If an officer fails at a task, they may become emotionally compromised, severely affecting their work. 'When a police officer, having sworn an oath to protect society, fails in her duty-or perceives herself as a failure-she suffers grievous injury to her sense of identity and worth and becomes unable to function effectively in our society' (Brosnan, 1999, p. 1). It is important to remember that police are human, just like the rest of us. 'Human biology cannot be overcome; the emotional energy that officers hold in over a period of years on the job will take its toll' (Lindsey & Kelly, 2004, p. 2). After awhile, officers will begin to show no emotion. Through training and constantly dealing with criminals or the general public, police learn to show no emotion. They have to or else it can cost them their lives, the stress is internalized which kills them from the inside.

Behavioral

It is very likely that an officer will show behavioral changes throughout his career. Some will positively benefit, but others will be much less emotional and change completely. 'Without a healthy outlet for dealing with these stress-related issues, an officer may become cynical, impatient, violent toward others as well as him/herself, unhealthy, and/or suicidal' Macmillan, 2009, p. 1). Experienced officers learn to hide their feelings and become completely unemotional. 'Obviously, the inherent nature of police work precludes the immediate discharge of emotions' (Waters &a