菲律宾传统妇女性别观念差异性研究 [5]
论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:学期论文 termpaper登出时间:2015-06-25编辑:xiaoni2000点击率:5932
论文字数:3261论文编号:org201506250856584614语种:英语 English地区:美国价格:免费论文
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摘要:本文是一篇美国留学生学期论文,对比分析菲律宾传统女性的性别观念及原因。
daughter) in either culture (US-Filipino or US women). It was expected that Filipino women would score higher than their US counterparts because of societal expectations and traditional gender schema on women. Filipino women are expected to manifest certain characteristics such as capability of building a family, running the household and responsibility for taking care of others' need before her own to name a few. Some researchers propose that immigrants do not simply yield their old or native values for new ones, but rather select, and modify to adapt to the new environment (Choi & Thomas, 2007; Buriel, 1993; Mendoza, 1989). Although most Filipino immigrants eventually become accustomed to their new environment, they also retain their traditional cultural traits, beliefs, values, and mores which may result to a conflict in their belief system and a higher level of irrational belief. However, when it comes to Generation, the non-significant differences between Filipino daughters and mothers may be found in that the cultural expectation of both generations (Filipino mothers vs. Filipino daughters) has rooted its ideals from our past generations' belief as a collective community as opposed to individualistic values. It is an integral characteristic of the ideal Filipino family to have children who highly adhere to the family's values and principles and to behave according to these passed on standards. Daughters are taught to greatly exhibit the same positive qualities that their mothers' exhibit and this practice have a substantial influence on the non-significant differences in the point of view of both generations.
In terms of posthoc comparisons, where individual sub scale scores were obtained for Demand, Awfulizing, Negative Self Talk and LFT, a significant effect was only found on Demand of Filipino women vs. US women. This suggests that Filipino women experience higher emotional stress than their US counterparts. First generation immigrants, as they are called, sometimes experience acculturation and cultural pressure to adapt. Cultural adaptation to the host country may suggest conflict with the traditional culture of the heritage country while parents try to raise their children on both cultures. Prior researches show that Filipino immigrants tend to lose their traditional customs and values as they acculturate to ways of life in the United States (Del Prado & Church, 2010). Being torn between adhering to their conservative cultural values and the ability to access the opportunities of their contemporary American culture can create stress and conflict (Napholz & Mo, 2010). The Socio-cultural differences that include the Asian collective culture versus the American individual culture, extended versus dominant nuclear family lifestyle, isolative American lifestyle, women's roles, communication styles, and child-rearing practices have a vast impact on the Filipino immigrant women's self-esteem and sense of control over their lives (Napholz & Mo, 2010). As Filipino women become more acculturated to their host country's cultural values, factors such as their origins, psychosocial and economic stress, as well as their compliance to traditional cultural values may have an influence in the nature and quality of their present lives (McBride, Morioka-Douglas, & Yeo, 1996). High scores on each subscale according to the O'Kelly Women Belief Scales or OWBS (O'Kelly, 2010) suggest that Filipino women have highe
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