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关键词: 大学英语; 短文写作; 过渡衔接词语; 作用

在大学英语四级考试(CET4)中,短文写作越来越显示出它的重要性。大学英语四级短文写作无论采用何种出题方式,通常要求写三段(二段、四段也时有出现),即:1、用主题句(Topic Sentence)开头———文章的第一段。2、中间夹着扩展句(Developing Sentence)———文章的第二段。3、用结论句结尾(Concluding Sentence)———文章的第三段。为此,短文写作就涉及到了一个非常关键性的问题,即:句与句之间如何衔接,段与段之间如何自然过渡?这个问题就需要有衔接词语来解决。下面就三段式短文中,每一段常用的衔接词语以归类的形式来分别论述:过渡衔接词语在大学英语四级短文写作中的“闪光”点作用。

1•主题句所在段落中常用的过渡衔接词语所谓主题句是指能够用来表明作者观点和态度,或者是能够概括文章主题内容的句子。由于四级短文的字数被限制在100-120个字之间,因此对主题句的展开一般为二到三个句子为宜,切忌过长,那么如何使用衔接词语引出主题句,又如何把用来展开主题句的句子有机地衔接起来呢?笔者认为在短文写作的第一段中若能有所选择地、准确地使用以下衔接词语,不仅能解决上述问题,同时也有助于解决作文“开头难”的问题。
如:now, since, generally, nowadays, at present, in recent years, that is to say, what’s more, in our daily life, in the past few years, in modern society, with the development of……等等,例如:
With the development of traffic tools, the communication between us becomes more and more frequent. No matter where your friends and relatives live, it is always very easy to pay a visit to them if you would like. Therefore, when you meet an old friend on a strange street, you may exclaim: ”oh, what a small world.”(94年6月真题短文)
由于衔接词语(下画线部分)的引导作用,很自然地引出了主题句:the communication between us becomes more and more frequent.在主题句之后又用了两句话对主题句稍加展开(从No matter where……到”Oh, what a small world.”)又如:
(1)Generally(衔接词),people think that fresh water is inexhaustible.(主题句)……(96年6月真题)
(2)With the development of our society(衔接词语),the campus no longer be an”Ivory Tower .”……(主题句)(97年6月真题)
(3)Nowadays in the society(衔接词语),there are enormous fake commodities(主题句)。…(98年1月真题)
(4)In our daily life(衔接词语),there are many occasions on which we should not hesitate to say ”No” when asked for help(主题句),……(99年1月真题)由此可见,过渡衔接词语的使用,对主题句的引出自然顺畅,尤为重要。

2•扩展句所在段落中常用的过渡衔接词语
扩展句所在段落即短文写作的第二段,是短文的主体段落,应当体现短文的具体内容或实例,因此,在这一段中使用衔接词语“条理性”要十分突出。列举两个实例常用的衔接词语有:for one thing………for another, on the one hand……on the other hand;列举三个实例常用的衔接词语有:first(ly)……second (ly)……third(ly)/finally; in the first place………in the second/ next place……in the third place; first…… …besides………finally; actually………besides……moreover; to begin with……furthermore………in addition/finally; mainly because……partly because……also because……等等,例如:
However, it is not the case in our real life. Many people prefer to say” Yes” when they should say ”No”. On the one hand, they are afraid to lose their own face. Since they think refusal means their inability. On the other hand, they are afraid to offend their acquaintances’ face; such as their friends, relatives and so on.(99年1 月真题:Don’t Hesitate to Say”No”)
Actually, fresh water is in a short supply. Due to the rapid population increase, freshwater consumption remains great. Besides, with the development of industry, more water is needed. Moreover, a lot of our rivers and lakes have been so polluted that water from them is undrinkable.(96年6月真题:Global Shortage of Freshwater)……有时为了达到递进或并列关系上的进一步强调,还可重复使用同一个衔接词语如:sometimes……sometimes……even sometimes; some people……some people……some people例如:Failure is not an uncommon matter in our life. As a student, we sometimes fail to get A grade in our examination. Sometimes, we lose the football game to our opponent. Even sometimes, we fail to get a desired jab.(91 年6月真题:Is Failure a Bad Thing?)……
Some people don’t take failure seriously, and pa本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。