英语论文网

【摘要】生物医学论文的前言部分用来简要介绍研究的背景和现状，并且说明研究的内容和目的。英语论文范文前言的各个组成部分都有一些常用的英语句式。搜集一些常用句式，并对其进行分析、归纳和总结，有助于国内作者撰写英语生物医学论文。
【关键词】生物医学论文；前言；英语写作；常用句式
【Abstract】Introduction section of biomedical papers is to supply sufficient background information and the rationale for the present study. It also states the content and the purpose of the present study. There are standard phrases that are frequently used in each part of Introduction section in biomedical papers. Collecting some standard phrases as stock phrases in Introduction section of biomedical papers is valuable in helping Chinese writers write biomedical papers in English.
【Keywords】Biomedical papers; Introduction; English writing; Stock phrases
生物医学论文陈述信息时，有其标准的模式，即文章分为“前言、方法、结果、讨论”。我们在阅读了大量生物医学SCI文献之后，会发现文章的每一部分里都有某些句式反复被使用。搜集一些常用句式，并对其进行分析、归纳和总结，有助于国内作者撰写英语生物医学论文。
笔者从20多种国际生物医学SCI期刊中搜集并提取典型例句，专就生物医学论文中前言部分的常用英语句式进行分析、总结和归纳，以期为国内作者撰写英语论文提供借鉴。
前言是一篇论文正文的开始部分，简要介绍研究的背景和理由，说明研究的内容和目的。一篇文章的前言可由以下几个部分组成：相关课题的研究背景和现状、相关课题未得到充分研究和认识、表示不同观点和意见、介绍本研究内容、介绍本研究目的等。笔者所搜集的例句就按照以上部分进行分类，以下例句中的常用句式用下划线标出。
1．相关课题的研究背景和现状
描述相关课题的研究结果和现状常用的句式有：
The previous work on … has indicated that …
Recent experiments by … have suggested that …
Several researchers have investigated …
The more recent results of … confirmed that …
[例1] A large number of studies have shown that a brief period of nonlethal ischemia may afford robust and delayed protection of the brain against subsequent sustained ischemia[1].
大量的研究表明：大脑经历的短时间的非致死性的缺血损伤，可以在随后的持续缺血损伤过程中产生明显的延迟保护作用。
[例2] Current evidence suggests that normal tissues surrounding solid tumors do not express survivin, in contrast to other anti-apoptotic molecules such as bcl-2[2].
目前的证据表明：和其他的抗凋亡分子如bcl-2相比，存活素在正常组织周围的实体瘤中并不表达。
[例3] We previously reported the discovery of an endothelial cell specific gene product, vascular endothelial cell growth inhibitor (VEGI, TNFSF15), which exhibits 20% to 30% sequence homology to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily[3].
之前我们报道发现了一种内皮细胞特异基因产物－血管内皮细胞生长抑制因子，这种因子与肿瘤坏死因子超家族的序列有20％到30％的同源性。
[例4] At the time this article was written, Yavitz reported that RNFL had decreased after LASIK, but Nath proposed there was no reason to believe LASIK has a damaging effect on the RNFL[4].
在写这篇文章的同时，Yavitz报道了LASIK术后视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)降低，而Nath则认为没有理由相信LASIK会对RNFL造成损伤的影响。
[例5] Two studies have shown interesting results in postoperative retinal retardation measurements after scanning laser polarimetry[5].
已有两项有关术后激光扫描偏振仪视网膜延迟时间测量的研究显示了令人感兴趣的结论。
2．相关课题未得到充分研究和认识
表示相关课题未得到充分研究和认识的常用句式有：
Little research has been done on …
Little attention has been paid on …
It is unclear whether …
It remains unclear that ….
[例6] Although molecular and serologic assays have been recently used to unravel the epidemiology of HHV-8 infection, the importance of the different modes of transmission of this viral agent still remains uncertain[6]。
尽管分子生物学方法和血清学方法都已被用来进行HHV-8感染的流行病学调查，这种病毒重要的传播方式仍未清楚。
[例7] Despite these promising features, little has been done to elucidate the biological importance of bilirubin in the cardiovascular system[7].
除了这些有益的特征，还没有什么研究来阐明胆红素对心血管系统的生物重要性。
[例8] The lack of a matched HHV-8-negative PEL cell line hinders discrimination of nonspecific reactions against cellular components[8].
HHV-8阴性PEL细胞株的缺乏阻碍了对细胞非特异性反应的区别。
[例9] Little is known about the fungal pathogenesis of and host immunity to P. marneffei[9].
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