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. 16
3.2   Data Collection Procedures ........... 16 
3.3   Measuring Methods for Lexical Richness in This Study .......... 17 
3.3.1   Word Lists Used in This Study ......... 17 
3.3.2   Measuring Method for Lexical Sophistication in This Study........ 22 
3.3.3   Measuring Method for Lexical Density in This Study ....... 23
3.3.4   Measuring Method for Lexical Variation in This Study .... 23 
3.3.5   Measuring Method for the Number of Errors in This Study ......... 24 
Chapter Four   Data Analysis and Discussion ............ 26 
4.1   Data Analysis .......... 26 
4.2   Discussion on Lexical Richness .... 37 
Chapter Five   Conclusion ........... 51 
5.1   Major Findings of the Study.......... 51 
5.2   Implications of the Study .............. 53
5.3   Limitations and Suggestions for Further Studies ........... 55 

Chapter Four   Data Analysis and Discussion  

This chapter gives a detailed description of the developmental features of lexical richness indexes, including lexical sophistication, lexical variation, lexical density and lexical errors. For each index, the features of each grade and a comparison across the three  grades  are  reported.  Besides,  discussions  on  developmental  patterns  of  lexical richness across three grades are given based on data results.  

4.1   Data Analysis 

Lexical  sophistication  is  an  index  to  measure  the  distribution  of  vocabulary  in writing.  It  is  reflected  by  the  proportion  of  low  frequency  words.  Laufer  and  Nation (1995)  devised  a  measure  for  lexical  sophistication  called  Lexical  Frequency  Profile (LFP). In their definition, low frequency words refer to those in the third word list and those  not  in  the  list.  However,  the  definition  of  low  frequency  words  should  vary according  to  the  level  of  the  language  learners.  (Bao  Gui,  2008)  Some  researchers also  pointed  out  that  lexical  sophistication  can  be  treated  as  a  mirror  of  lexical development,  but  it  lies  on  how  to  define  sophisticated  vocabulary.  (Laufer,  1994; Wolfe-Quintero,  et  a.l,  1998)  As  mentioned  above,  this  study  is  to  explore  the situation  of  lexical  richness  in  the  English  writings  by  junior  high  school  students. The  word  lists  are  made  based  on  the  “Compulsory  Education  English  Curriculum Standard (2011)”. Therefore the low frequency words in this study are defined as the words  in  BASEWRD3  and  the  correctly  used  words  in  the  not &nb本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。