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Borrowing from Bakhtin’s carnival concept, the Internet has become a kind of square of noise. According to Bakhtin, the carnival is “the sum of all carnival celebrations, rituals and forms, a ritualistic mixture of amusement” (1998, 48) instead of the official, religious, severe, and orderly world the second life. In the carnival world, there is no power, no authority, no dogmas, no prohibitions, all restraints are lifted, and people talk, interact and play on an equal footing. The carnival here is universal in nature, and anyone can participate in it, dismantling power and authority by turning it upside down, mocking it, and playing with it.

The offline and online lives of Pepe users in 2016 US election are quite similar to Bakhtin’s “two kinds of life: a conventional, severe and frowning life, a life of obedience to strict hierarchical order, a life full of fear, dogma, reverence, and piety; and a life of carnival square freedom, full of dualistic laughter, full of blasphemy and distortion of everything sacred, full of irreverence and obscenity, full of casual interaction with everything and everyone.” The Internet is a square of revelry, and offline loners flock to the revelry, temporarily escaping the “serious, gloomy stuff” and looking directly for “playful, joyful stuff.” The form of discourse on the Internet, like that of the square orgy, has also changed, with aspects of speech such as swearing and cursing that were previously classified as unofficial phenomena being amplified and ‘clearly violating accepted norms of discourse, deliberately breaking the rules of speech such as etiquette, politeness, courtesy, modesty, and the distinctions between respect and inferiority, etc. Thus, if they are present in sufficient numbers and if they are deliberate, all such elements have an enormous impact on the whole context, on speech as a whole: they transfer speech to another level and place it in opposition to the various norms of speech. Thus, speech is freed from the rules and hierarchies and the precepts of language in general and becomes a language that seems to be special, a kind of hackneyed language against the official language. It also creates a specific group of people, a group that interacts without formality, which is frank and uninhibited in its speech. Indeed, the crowds in the squares, especially at festivals, fairs and carnivals, are such crowds.

2.2 Meme as an emotional outlet

In people's mobile social practices, the use of mobile social applications for extensive social interaction between people is the main content of mobile social, and the main battleground for people to construct their own identity in the virtual network. As the social participation of images in mobile social networking becomes more and more widespread, images are to a large extent the linguistic form of social interaction, which is why the socio-cultural image shift has become more distinct in the mobile Internet era. The so-called real world is to a large extent unconsciously constructed on the linguistic habits of (cultural) groups. The social interaction on a social scale in mobile social networking uses the language of images for the production and construction of self-identity, resulting本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。