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2.1 Love

Love is not a strange word or concept.The word is used widely in daily life as wellas in literary works,films,and television programs.Love is one of the six basicpassions described by RenéDescartes.RenéDescartes explained“love is a commotionof the soul caused by a movement of the spirits,a commotion that impels the soul tojoin itself de volontéto objects that appear to be agreeable to it”(Descartes 22).In brief,love is an emotion that brings people closer to what is significant to them.As a result,people were prompted to envision an entire universe.Another aspect of that whole is thepeople who they love.In Descartes’s view,the kind of love differed not based onpeople’s degree of love,but in accordance with the variety of objects.According toDescartes,affection,friendship,and devotion are different types of emotion(Descartes23).He separates love regardless of whether the individual loves himself or otherobjects.Throughout the novels,friendship and devotion will be exemplified.

2.1.1 Friendly Love

Descartes perceived that the person’s esteem for the loved object was equally withhis esteem for himself.That was called‘friendship’(Descartes 23).In Klara and theSun,it was clear that Josie’s friendly love for Klara was superficial.Following Josie’slift,which was essentially a form of gene editing,Josie was no longer extremely healthy.Therefore,her mother made up her mind to purchase an artificial friend to accompanyand care for Josie.The first time Josie met Klara,she stepped out of the car onto thesidewalk and kept an eye on her.At that time,it was the fourth morning that Klara andRosa have spent at the midway.

2.2 Nostalgia

As defined by the Cambridge Dictionary,nostalgia was a pleasant and slightly sadfeeling caused by the recollection of past experiences.Exactly as emotion was aperception or feeling,which influenced by stimulation of the situation and changed asthe contacted items changed.Nostalgia was a kind of feeling.The emotion containednostalgia.The nostalgia was explored through old memories and old objects.

2.2.1 Old Memory

In Never Let Me Go,Hailsham was a school where clone students received allkinds of education until they reached the age of 16 and moved to the Cottages.Therefore,Hailsham was a precious and special experience for clone students.As clonestudents departed from Hailsham,they always drifted in separate directions.Sowhenever they reunited,Hailsham would always be a nostalgic place for them.Especially Kathy was keen on nostalgia.Every time Kathy drove through thecountryside,she would recall Hailsham,especially those sports pavilions.Kathy canrealize that sometimes she was nostalgic about Hailsham and old time.

It’s just a bit of nostalgia to pass the time.I think about the essay thesame way I might a rounder match at Hailsham I did particularlywell in,or else an argument from long ago where I can now think ofall the clever things I should have said.(Never Let Me Go 116)

Chapter Three ARTISTIC CREATION AND APPRECIATION ............. 37

3.1 Pictures and Drawings .......................... 38

3.1.1 Tommy’s Animal Drawings .......................... 38

3.1.2 Josie’s Bubble Pictures ............................ 39

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