英语论文网

摘　要:一些科技人员感到无法完全准确地读懂科技英语,遇到较长的句子就觉得更加困难。简单分析了科技英语的长句,主要从并列句、 复合句和并列复合句3 个方面加以分析,并给出了一些例句的译文。
Abstract :Some technicians feel that they could not understand scientific English entirely and accurately. Theyfeel more difficult when coming across long sentences. The article analyzes the long sentences of scientific English in three respect s : coordinate sentence , compound sentence , compound complex sentence and t ranslate
some sentences.
Key words :scientific English ;coordinate sentence ;compound sentence
　　与科技有关的论文 ,书籍 ,专利 ,文献 ,报告等每天都在急剧地增长。各个领域的人们为了了解本领域的最新知识 ,几乎都要读一些科技英语的书籍或文章。由于一些人不了解科技英语的特点 ,常常读得一知半解。若遇到一些长句 ,更是如坠雾里。那么 ,长句该如何分析与翻译呢 ?句子长 ,往往是表达的内容多 ,句子含有较多较长的从句或并列成分。由于每个作者的行文风格不一 ,很难严格分类。只能大致分为: ①从句多引起的长句; ②并列句多或长引起的长句; ③ 并列复合句。分析长句时 ,首先确定句子是简单句还是复合句 ? 如是简单句 ,先找出句子的主语和谓语 ,然后着重对并列句成分进行分析;如为复合句 ,先找出主句 ,然后确定从句的性质和作用。
    1 　 从句多引起的长句由于状语可以位于句首 ,因而很多长句是以状语从句或含有从句的状语短语开头的。在从句末尾有一逗号 ,然后是主句。这种结构与汉语相似 ,可以采用顺译法。【例 1】Where rock , such as uncemented shale , tends todisintegrate w hen exposed , the final trimming should not bedone until just bef ore the concrete is to be placed , since other2wise the rock might dry out and w hen again saturated by thewater f rom the concrete might form a layer of mud between thefoundation and the dam ,offering no bond and lit tle resistance tosliding.【译文】 凡是在岩石(例如未胶结的页岩)暴露时易于破碎的地方 ,本文出自www.51lunwen.org，在代写英语毕业论文与留学生论文方面具有丰富的经验！如果需要原创英语论文，英文论文请联系 QQ：949925041最后的修整结束后 ,都应立即浇灌混凝土;否则岩石就会变干 ,而当混凝土的水分使之重新饱和后 ,就会在坝和地基之间形成一泥浆层 ,其结果是岩石的粘着力消失 , 抵抗滑动的能力也变得很小。这是以 where引导的地点状语从句开头的复合句 ,共 5个从句: ①where 引导的修饰主句谓语的状语从句; ②when引导的修饰 tends to disintegrate的时间状语从句; ③before引导的作介词 until 宾语的从句; ④since 引导的修饰主句谓语的原因状语从句; ⑤when 引导的修饰 might form 的时间状语从句。【例 2】 It is clear that in the interests of conservation of en2ergy and economy of installation and running costs for all time ,money spent on weathertightness of windows is a real economy ,since uncontrolled ventilation goes on for 24 hours a day , where2as ventilation is necessary only during the occupied period of amat ter of a few hours as a rule , and can usually be dealt with bysome controlled means , such as the opening of a window.【译文】 很清楚 ,为了(在供暖期)节能以及设备费和永久运行费用经济起见 ,对窗户加防风雨措施是经济实惠的 ,因为非控制性的通风 1 d 24 h 都在进行 ,而通常每天仅在房间使用期间才需要通风 ,通常可用一些可控制的方法如开窗的办法进行通风。这是个复合句 ,主句部分是 it is clear. 主句的主语是一个主语从句 that in the interests of conservation of energy andeconomy of installation and running costs for all time , moneyspent on weathertightness of windows is a real economy 担任的。该从句and连接的是in the interests of conservation of en2ergy和 economy of installation and running costs for all time ,不是句子的主语 ,主语从句的主语为 money ,短语 spent onweathertightness of windows 作它的定语。句子的后半部since uncontrolled ventilation goes on for 24 hours a day , where2as ventilation is necessary only during the occupied period of amat ter of a few hours as a rule , and can usually be dealt with bysome controlled means , such as the opening of a window.是原因状语从句。这一从句又是一并列句 ,whereas 引导的句子又是有两个子句构成。
     2 　 并列句多或长引起的长句有些句子虽然长 ,但从句并不多 ,有时一个也没有 ,主要是并列成分多或长。并列的成分即可以是并列句也可以是并列的主语、 谓语、 宾语、 定语和状语等。同时要正确判断并列成分 ,这是正确分析句子的关键。
【例 3】 As to the relative superiority of the straight - gravi2ty masonry dam and the arched - gravity masonry dam , the lat2ter is superior only w here the arch length or the radius of curva2ture is not too great , and w here the canyon walls are resistant tohigh pressure , or w here the foundation contours make it cheaperto follow a curved plan.【译文】 至于直重力坝和拱重力坝谁优谁劣的问题 ,只有在拱的本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。