摘要:Translation is the transfer of meaning, and semantic analysis is an important way of defining meaning, which can help us to have a better understanding of the source text. We should combine the translation studies with linguistics, and try to use the discoveries of the linguistics to help the study of translation.
tween different signs; it includes phonological meaning, graphemic meaning, morphological or lexemic meaning, syntactic meaning, and discoursal or textual meaning).
3.2 G. Leech’s seven types of meanings
Leech identified seven types of meanings. They are: conceptual meaning (logical, cognitive, or denotative content), connotative meaning (what is communicated by virtue of what language refers to), social meaning (what is communicated of the social circumstances of language use), affective meaning (what is communicated of the feeling and attitudes of the speaker/writer), reflected meaning (what is communicated through association with another sense of the same expression), collocative meaning (what is communicated through association with words which tend to occur in the environment of another word), thematic meaning(what is communicated by the way in which the message is organized in terms of order and emphasis). Types 2-6 are also categorized as associative meaning.
3.3 Peter Newmark’s model of meaning
There are three types of meanings according to Newmark: expressive meaning, informative meaning, and vocative meaning.
3.4 Roman Jakobson’s model of meaning
Jakobson classified meanings into 6 types: expressive meaning, informative meaning, vocative meaning, aesthetic meaning, phatic meaning, and metalinguistic meaning.
4. Conclusion
These different types of meaning are not classified according to the same criteria, and different linguists have different opinions for classifying meanings. Thus some types of meaning are overlapping, which causes much confusion.
All these meanings can be stratified into lexical, phraseological (idiomatic), sentential (prepositional), and discourse meaning. Lexical meaning includes denotational, connotational, affective, collocational, metaphorical, and cultural meaning, and discourse meaning includes literary (hermeneutically construed) and epistemic (analytically construed) meaning.
Translation is the transfer of meaning, and semantic analysis is an important way of defining meaning, which can help us to have a better understanding of the source text. We should combine the translation studies with linguistics, and try to use the discoveries of the linguistics to help the study of translation.
【References】
[1]Bell, Roger T. 2001. Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
[2]Baker, Mona. 2000. In Other Words: A Coursebook on Translation. Beijing: Beijing University Press.
[3]Fawcett, Peter. 1997. Translation and Language: Linguistic Theories Explained. Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing.
[4]Guo, Zhuzhang & Li, Qingsheng. 1996. A Practical Course in Translation Between English and Chinese.
[5]Wang, Zhikui. 1999. A Collegiate Course in English-Chinese Translation. Jinan: Shandong University Press.
[6]Wang, Zuoliang. 1989. Translation: Experiments and Reflections. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
[7]Wilss, Wolfram. 1996. Knowledge And Skills In Translator Behavior. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
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