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gies and interview asthe assistant method to supplement and clarify the phenomenon shown in questionnaires. The data isanalyzed by SPSS and the results are elucidated combined with the relevant theories. The third part isconclusion part in which the major findings and suggestions are provided.
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Chapter Two literature review

The study of learning strategies has been a hot subject which draws a lot of attention from theresearchers in psychological circles, educational circles and linguistic circles. Researchers have achievedabundant results and reached some consensus on many issues after years’ efforts. It is necessary to reviewthe history of researches on learning strategies and translation learning strategies at home and abroad.Firstly, the researches on language learning strategies and translation learning strategies are summarizedand integrated in the perspective of time sequence to have a summary of the achievements andshortcomings of learning strategies. The literature review is conducted in order to have a comprehensiveunderstanding of the research status of the researches on translation learning strategies.

2.1 Review of the Definitions and Classifications of Language Learning Strategies
Learning strategy is a term that is used in education and psychology. However, there is no consensuson the definition of language learning strategies.There are some definitions of language learning strategies produced by different researchers:Stern defines language learning strategies as “particular forms of observable learning behaviors moreor less consciously employed by the learners” (Stern, 1983: 405).Bialystok defines language learning strategies as “activities undertaken by learners whetherconsciously or not, that have the effect of promoting the learner’s ability, either to analyze the linguisticknowledge relevant to the language under study, or to improve the control of procedures for selecting andapplying the knowledge under specific contextual conditions” (Bialystok ,1985: 258).Weinstein and Mayer define language learning strategies as “behaviors and thoughts that a learnerengage during learning that are intended to influence the learner’s encoding process” (Weinstein andMayer, 1986: 315).Wenden defines language learning strategies as “actions or techniques, whether observable orunobservable, which can be learned and changed and which contribute either directly or indirectly tolearning. Learners take these actions or employ these techniques either cautiously or automatically inresponse to needs” (Wenden, 1987: 6-7).
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2.2 Review of the Researches on Language Learning Strategies
The researches on learning strategies start in the 1960s, which is significantly influenced by cognitivepsychology. Aron Carton first mentions different kinds of inference used by different foreign languagelearners in his book The Method of Inference in Foreign Language Study (Qi, 2014). This creates apioneering work of language learning strategies. In the 1970s, Rubin formally puts forward the concept oflanguage learning strategies in his influential paper What the Good Language Learner Can Teach Us which is the beginning of the researches of language learning strategies. There are two emphases duringthis period of researches: one is the summarization and the description of language learning strategies, andthe other is the classification of language learning strategies. A lo