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The time-varying moving boundary is mapped onto a time-independent domain through proper transformation functions and a special finite difference approximation is made in order to overcome the difficulty of maintaining the accuracy of the finite difference expression for the second derivative when the difference mesh is stretched near the boundary. The main focus of this paper is the simulation of a 3D tank undergoing different combinations of motions with varying excitation directions, and not only transient but nearly steady-state phenomena are recorded and studied. Hill (2003)compared the transient waves with the steady-state waves and showed that the maximum transient response can far exceed the steady-state response of the basin. The transient effect on moving vehicles is more dangerous than that of steady-state condition.

Section 2 introduces the equations of motion that are written in a moving coordinate system attached to the accelerating tank. The proper coordinate transformation functions are adopted to map the time-dependent domain into a fixed unit cubic. The proposed finite difference method is developed in Section 3. Section 4 presents the detailed results and provides comprehen-sive discussion of all the phenomena found in this study.

Reference
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