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论文作者:留学生论文论文属性:职称论文 Scholarship Papers登出时间:2010-09-11编辑:vshellyn点击率:4209
论文字数:10000论文编号:org201009111157465884语种:英语 English地区:英国价格:$ 22
关键词:Return MigrationTheoryEmpirical EvidenceUK
Return Migration: Theory and Empirical Evidence from the UK
Abstract
In this article, we discuss forms of migration that are non-permanent.We focuson temporary migrations where the decision to return is taken by the immigrant.These migrations are likely to be frequent, and we provide some evidence for theUK.We then develop a simple model that rationalizes the decision of a migrantto return to his/her home country, despite a persistently higher wage in the hostcountry. We consider three motives for a temporary migration: (i) differencesin relative prices between host and home country, (ii) complementaritiesbetween consumption and the location where consumption takes place, and (iii)the possibility of accumulating human capital abroad, which enhances the immi-grant’s earnings potential back home. For the last return motive, we discussextensions that allow for immigrant heterogeneity, and develop implications forselective in- and out-migration.
1. Introduction
2. Forms of migration
3. Temporary migrations — some evidence
4. Why do migrants return?
5. Return Migration and Optimal Migration Duration
6. Introducing heterogeneity
7. Discussion and conclusions
Notes
1. Papers such as Chiswick (1978) and Borjas (1985) for the United States; Baker
and Benjamin (1994) for Canada; Friedberg (2000) for Israel; Bell (1997) and
Chiswick (1980) for the UK; and Barth et al. (2004) for Norway all implicitly
assume migrations as permanent.
2. For many aspects of analysis of immigrant behaviour, it is convenient to define
a migration as temporary if the migrant leaves the country before reaching
retirement age.
3. Transient migrations are often referred to as chain migrations.
4. Rendall and Ball (2004) follow a similar procedure. They also provide projections
on return migration based on the International Passenger Survey. Although they
use a different breakdown, their numbers are in line with ours.
5. See Dustmann (2001) for a general framework for investigating return migration
and optimal migration durations. In Dustmann (1997), return migration and
optimal migration durations are analysed in a stochastic environment.
6. This expression is obtained using the following steps:
References
Baker,M. and Benjamin, D. (1994). ‘The performance of immigrants in the Canadian
labour market’. Journal of Labor Economics, 12: 369–405.
Barth, E., Bratsberg, B. and Raaum, O. (2004). ‘Identifying earnings assimilation of
immigrants under changing macroeconomic conditions’. Scandinavian Journal of
Economics, 106 (1): 1–22.
Bell, B. D. (1997). ‘The performance of immigrants in the United Kingdom: evidence
from the GHS’. The Economic Journal, 107 (441): 333–44.
Borjas, G. J. (1985). ‘Assimilation, changes in cohort quality, and the earnings of
immigrants’. Journal of Labor Economics, 3 (4): 463–89.
—— (1987). ‘Self-selection and the earnings of immigrants’. American Economic
Review, 77 (4): 531–53.
—— and Bratsberg, B. (1996). ‘Who leaves? The outmigration of the foreign-born’.
The Review of Economics and Statistics, 87 (1): 165–76.
Böhning,W. (1987). Studies in InternationalMigration. New York: St.Martin’s Press.
Chiswick, B. R. (1978). ‘The effect of Americanization on the earnings o本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。