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　　3. left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others:使得许多人努力去接受适合其他人而不适合他们口味的食物。fare 相当于 food。

　　4. lead investigator:研发项目负责人

　　5. … carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods as soup and chips，on multiple occasion ，spread out over weeks:……经过仔细筛选的实验参与者，他们在几周内的不同时间里品尝加了盐的食物，如汤和薯条。

　　6. too pronounced:此处 pronounced 为形容词，意为 very noticeable ，conspicuous(明显的，显著的)。

　　7. supertasting：超重味感

　　练习:

　　1. In paragraph 2 ，John Hayes points out that

　　A it is good to health to eat food without salt.

　　B many people reject low-salt food completely.

　　C many people accept low-salt tasteless food reluctantly

　　D food with reduced salt tastes better.

　　2. The fourth paragraph describes briefly

　　A. how to select subjects and what to do in the research.

　　B. how to identify supertasters and nontasters.

　　C. why to limit the number of subjects to 87 persons.

　　D. why to select more male subjects than female ones.

　　3. The article argues that supertasters

　　A like the taste of saltiness to block sweet tastes in food.

　　B like snack foods as saltiness is their primary flavor.

　　C consume less salt because they don't like intensive tastes.

　　D like to share salty cheese with nontasters.

　　4. Which of the following applies to supertasters in terms of bitter taste?

　　A They like bitterness in foods as well as saltiness.

　　B They like high-salt cheese as it has intense bitter taste.

　　C They prefer high-salt cheese，which tastes less bitter.

　　D They prefer high-salt cheese as it is good to health.

　　5. What message do the last two paragraphs carry?

　　A. Taste acuity is genetically determined.

　　B. Taste acuity is developed over time after birth.

　　C Taste acuity is related to one's eye and hair color.

　　D Taste acuity is still a mysterious subject in science.

　　答案与题解:

　　1. C 根据短文的第二段内容，很多人因为食物中的含盐量降低，所以必须做出很大努力 ( struggling) 去适应，而低盐食物对于他们来说，口味很不好(fare that simply does not taste… good to them) 。选项C有 accept reluctantly (勉强接受)表达了这层意思，所以是正确的选择。A 、B 、D 三个选项均是错误的。

　　2. A 第四段介绍了科学家是如何设计这项研究的，它包含了研究对象的人数、性别、人选条件、咸度味感分级表等。选项 A 概括了这方面的内容，所以是答案。而选项 B 、C、D 所述内容均不符合该段的意思。

　　3. B 短文的第五段提供了答案。supertaster 在这里的意思是:口味重的人，在本文中，nontaster是其反义词，即，口味清谈的人。该段告诉我们，口味重的人消耗更多的盐;因为快餐食品的主要味道就是咸味，而且咸度越高，口味越好，所以口味重的人对快餐较为偏爱。选项B表达了上述内容，所以是答案。

　　4. C 短文第六段提供了答案。该段告诉我们，奶醋发酵会产生苦味，supertasters 不喜欢苦味，而高含盐量可以盖住奶酷里的苦睐，这是他们偏爱高盐奶酷的原因。所以，只有C是正确选择。

　　5. A文章第七段中，Hayes引用了75年前一位遗传学专家的实验。从这项实验中，Hayes 得出的结论是，Taste acuity( 味觉敏度)上的差异与他们头发和眼睛的颜色上的差异是同一类现象，也就是说，都是与生俱来的。第八段又说，这是一种 biological difference (生物差异)，所以 A 是答案。B 说味觉敏'度是后天形成的，显然与作者的结论相左。C 说味觉敏度的差异与头发和眼睛的颜色上的差异有关，显然是错误的。D 的内容在最后两段都没有提到，所以不会是答案。