英语论文网

amounts of Sm ,Eu and Tb as their ternary complexes with 2- thenoyltrifluoroacetone and diphenylguanidine. These ternary complexes show excitation bands at 345 nm for Sm and Eu and 350 nm for Tb, and fluorescence bands at 645 nm for Sm, 614 nm for Eu and 545 nm for Tb. A mixture of Sm, Eu and Tb can be determined by second-derivative spectroflurorimetry. The calibration graphs are linear over the range10 - 100 ppm for Sm, 0. 5 - 50 ppm for Eu and 100 - 1000 ppm for Tb.
概括型摘要(indicative abstract )
        也称描述性摘要,多用于理论性较强的论文,如专论、评论、综述、数学计算、理论推导等,主要概括论文的主要论点、分析过程和结论。该类摘要很少传递具体数据,而只告诉读者本文采用了什么方法、讨论了什么问题、得出了什么结论。内容宏观,篇幅较短。综述性、评论性或资料性论文宜写成概括型摘要。这类摘要一般不分段。下例即为典型的概括型摘要:
    Reports of the synthesis of new dendrimers containing organometallic fragments have increased dramatically over the past few years and examples of dendrimers containing many different metals are now known. This article highlights some of the ways in which t ransition metals and their ligand systems have been incorporated into the growing number of dendrimers. Some structural details and properties of metal containing dendrimers are described , and their applications are also discussed.
摘要写作的注意事项

         为了便于检索,科技论文英文摘要结构比较固定,通常由主题句(陈述研究的目的及研究和解决的问题) 、展开句(介绍作了哪些研究及研究的途径、采用的模型、实验范围与方法) 、结尾句(陈述研究结果及评价论文的价值) 组成。其写作要求逻辑连贯(Coherence) 、表达明晰(Clearness) 与畅达( Fluency) 。下面分别从时态、语态、常用句式、篇幅等方面就科技论文英文摘要写作中应遵循的原则逐一进行阐述。
语  态
         科技文章一般都着重客观叙述,极力排除主观成分,不带感情色彩。因此写英文摘要时,往往采用第三人称的被动语态。用被动语态可以避免提及有关的执行者,使行文显得客观。同时,被动语态的句子在结构上有较大的调节余地,有利于采用恰当的修辞手段,扩展名词短语,扩大句子的信息量,有利于突出有关的概念、问题、事实、结论等内容。但有些表达采用主动语态比被动语态在结构上更简练,表达更为直接有力,可以突出动词所表达的内容。
如何组句

         英文摘要虽然不像公文文体那样程式化,但由于它在语法结构上有较强的倾向性,因此论文英文摘要许多句式出现的频率很高,熟练掌握这些常用的句式,有助于提高英文摘要的写作质量和速度,进而能保证其可读性。下面的句子结构,有一定的代表性。在摘要开头,作者常开门见山地点明文章的主题。
常用的句式有
:
1. This paper gives a brief introduction to . . . ;
2. This article describes a detailed study of . . . ;
3. This paper discusses . . . ;
4. This article gives a complete commentary on the . . . ;
5. In this paper are presented the results . . . ;
6. A new method is described for . . . ;
7. The principle of . . . is outlined;
8. The apparatus of . . . is described;
9. Automation of . . . is discussed;
10. An account of . . . is given;
11. The use of . . . is addressed;
12. The mechanism of . . . is examined;
13. The dependence of . . . was established;
14. An analysis of . . . was carried out
     这些常用句型一开头就用一个很长的名词短语来突出题旨。这种句型看来头重脚轻,结构上不平衡,但它符合文摘直截了当、开门见山的要求,有突出中心的优点,因此在论文摘要中经常采用。    
 随后作者要用几个句子进一步叙述文章的具体内容,常用的句式有:
1. The aim of this study is to . . . ;
2. The study of . . . is based on . . . ;
3. The idea of our method of measurement is to analyze . . . ;
4. Comparison of our result s with .
      随后作者要用几个句子进一步叙述文章的具体内容,常用的句式有: 1. The aim of this study is to . . . ;
2. The study of . . . is based on . . . ;
3. The idea of our method of measurement is to analyze . . . ;
4. Comparison of our result s with .
     在摘要的最后部分,作者要对全文作一总结或对以后的研究提建议,常用的句式有:
1. We thus conclude that . . . ;
2. The result shows that . . . ;
3. We conjecture that . . . ;
4. Although a number of test s and comparison of the method have give本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。