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old, brave, careful, careless, cruel, foolish, generous, honest, kind, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong） ? 4) The teacher decided _______________(不惩罚那些上课迟到的学生). ? not to punish those students who had been late for class ? （考点：1. 用不定式结构作decide的宾语；2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not） ? 能带不定式作宾语的动词常见的有：afford, attempt, beg, decide, forget, intend, manage, mean, offer, prefer, promise, ） ? 5) Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法国的儿子). ? whether to visit their son in France ? （考点：“疑问词+不定式”作动词wonder的宾语。 ? 6) The gardener _______________(刚才警告我不要在中午给花浇水). ? warned me just now not to water flowers at noon （考点：不定式作宾语补语） ? 7) We _______________(请他给我们做有关现代艺术的讲座). ? invited him to give us a lecture on modern art ? （考点：同上） ? 8) He feels it challenging _______________(在这么大一所大学做学生会主席). ? to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university （考点：动词 + it + 形容词/名词 + 不定式。it是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语） ? 9) We hope to have more opportunities _______________(把我们在课堂上学到的东西应用于实践). ? to apply what we have learned in class to practice （考点：不定式作定语） ? 10) The bad weather _______________(破坏了我们在露天放电影的计划). ? ruined our plan to show the film in the open air （考点：同上）七、分词 9 ? 1) This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利语唱“祝你生日快乐”). ? “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian （考点：分词作宾语补语） ? 2) The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed. ? parked in the fire lane （考点：分词作定语） ? 3) The war went on for years, _______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命). ? killing thousands upon thousands of people （考点：分词作结果状语） ? 4) The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(将平均产量提高了15%). ? raising the average yield by 15 percent （考点：同上） ? 5) Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推导出它的运转原理). ? trying to deduce its operating principle （考点：分词作伴随状语） ? 6) _______________(看到大家都在聚精会神地看书), we stopped talking and began to study. ? Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book （考点：分词作原因状语） ? 7) _______________(被这个男孩的事迹深深打动了), they decided to pay for his education. ? Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds （考点：同上） ? 8) _______________(从一个年轻朋友的眼光来看), Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man. ? Seen from the eyes of a young friend （考点：分词作方式状语） ? 9) _______________(好久没有收到父母的来信了), he was worried about them. ? Not having heard from his parents for a long time ? （考点：1. 分词作原因状语；2.分词的否定形式；3.现在分词的完成式）八、动名词 6 ? 1) _______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good. ? Taking a cold bath every day （考点：动名词作主语） ? 2) They tried to avoid _______________(让女儿做她不喜欢的事情). ? making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do （考点：动名词作动词的宾语） ? 3) Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我们的产品进入国际市场). ? getting our goods into the international market （考点：动名词作介词的宾语） ? 4) It is no use _______________(为洒了的牛奶而哭泣). ? crying over spilled milk 考点：动名词用于固定结构。 ? 5) He denied_______________(偷看了同桌的试卷). ? having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper （考点：动名词的完成式） ? 6) We congratulated her on _______________(被提升为经理). ? being promoted to manager （考点：动名词的被动式）九、非谓语动词用法区别 10 ? 1) Success means _______________(非常努力地工作). ? working very hard. （考点：mean表示“意味着”） ? 2) John meant _______________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障). ? to drive there, but his car broke down （考点：mean表示“打算”） ? 3) I heard him _______________(在跟他的母亲谈话). ? talking to his mother （考点：强调正在进行） ? 4) I heard him _______________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时). ? talk to his mother for an hour （考点：强调整个过程） ? 5) He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(结果却摔断了自己的腿). ? only to break his own leg （考点：意料之外的结果） ? 6) He jumped fr