传统手工艺的当代价值探讨 [5]
论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:学术文章 Scholarship Essay登出时间:2014-11-26编辑:Cinderella点击率:19076
论文字数:9270论文编号:org201411261330112505语种:中文 Chinese地区:美国价格:免费论文
关键词:craftsculturetradition传统工艺
摘要:传统工艺是指世代相传,具有百年以上历史以及完整工艺流程,采用天然材料制作,具有鲜明民族风格和地方特色的工艺品种和技艺。从事传统工艺领域设计、制作工作的专业人员叫做传统工艺师。现代社会,传统工艺还有存在价值吗?本文给出了肯定答案。
halt society’s love affair
with knitting, and a huge historic event was about to occur that would once
again bring knitting back to the forefront. In 1939, only 21 years after World
War I, World War II began; it would see the death and destruction of millions.
Bogart states, ‘Millions of items were knit for soldiers and refugees. Wool was
as important a resource as steel. In fact, steel knitting needles were
considered such a necessity to World War II that they were not collected in
scrap-metal drives’ (2011, p.38). This proves that knitting was so valuable
during this time that knitting needles were not melted down for the war effort
yet objects such as cooking utensils and farmers tools were used as scrap
metal. This highlights how important knitting was during the War. Propaganda
posters from The Red Cross asked people to knit for the war effort, using
phrases such as, ‘Our Boys Need SOX’ and ‘Remember Pearl Harbour – Purl
Harder!’ This was also the first time in history that there was documented
evidence that the act of knitting had positive psychological effects. According
to Bogart, ‘Knitting was a comfort to both the knitter and the soldier. Those
at home had something to do as their worry mounted, and the soldiers of course
received physical comforts’ (2011, p.40). It was also suggested that the
soldiers at War found great comfort in knowing the support they had at home by
receiving the knitted items. Kerry Wills quoted a newspaper journalist at the
time in ‘The Close-Knit Circle’, saying ‘…knitters for the war effort got at
least as much joy out of their knitting – the high the habit gave them was
similar to marijuana’s, he proposed – as the soldiers got from donning the
knitted gifts’(1968, P.23). This suggests that knitting was beneficial during
the war, not only because it kept the soldiers dry and warm in the trenches but
it was also beneficial psychologically. The knitters felt that they were
helping the war effort while the knitted items reminded the soldiers that they
had not been forgotten, a comfort to them while being so far away from home.
This is another example in history of traditional crafts being valuable to a
society. During the 1950s - 1960s
knitting had a huge boost in popularity again as it was taught in schools as a
life skill and pattern magazines were in high demand as children took what they
learnt in school home to make something fashionable to wear. Knitwear was now
considered high fashion as designers such as Givenchy, Christian Dior, Channel
and Yves Saint Laurent all designed haute couture versions of the knitwear
designs before them. These hugely successful designers brought in revenue for
their responding countries which was noticed by the British government who, in
1950 started the British Wool
Marketing Board which funded research into
innovating knitting. According to Juliet Ash and Lee Wright’s book ‘Components
of Dress: Design, Marketing and Image’, ‘…renewed interest was being shown by
both public and manufacturers in experiments in fibre technology…these
developments meant that the home knitter now had a much wider choice of yarns…and…colour
being produced’(1988, p.49). It also meant that because the new yarns being
produced were synthetic they were cheaper to buy and therefore more accessible
to the average knitter. However by the 1980’s people’s interest in hand
knitting declined as machine knitted garments cost decreased
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