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1.善于使用被动式语句同样一件事的叙述,用主动句表达常有谴责对方的感觉,如用被动句,语气则缓和多了。Ashley认为“:在商务函电中,为了使函电更加礼貌得体,除了选用一些得体语言外,还应多使用被动语态……因为被动语态能使你的请求显得更加温和; ……”。[4]如:(1)You made a very careless mistake.应改为:A very careless mistake was made.(2)You did not enclose the cheque with yourorder.应改为:The cheque was not enclosed withyour order.(3)For the past two years,you did not give usany order.应改为:For the past two years,no orderhas been given to us.

2.以肯定句代替否定句,尽量避免使用“no",如:(1)We do not believe you will have cause fordissatisfaction.应改为:We feel that you'll beentirely satisfied.(2)It is against our policy to sell leftover goodsbelow cost.应改为:It is our policy always to havefull stocks of goods at fair prices.(3)We are discourages to learn that we were infault.应改为:Thank you for calling attention to theunfortunate incident.(4)We cannot understand why you have hadtrouble with this article.应改为:We presume thatthere must be some reason for your having troublewith this article.

3.使用疑问句英语中当以接受者为出发点而发出间接指令时,疑问句在一定语境下较陈述句、祈使句更婉转,更有礼貌。避免了过于率直而给人予盛气凌人的架势。如:(1)Quote us CIFC5%New York.(2)WerequestyoutoquoteusCIFC5%NewYork.(3)Could you quote us CIFC5%New York.(1)句使用了祈使句,口气显得强硬,把自己的想法强加于对方违背了平等合作的商务交际原则;(2)句虽没有(1)句的咄咄逼人之势,但仍过于直接;(3)句为疑问句,通过“询问”方式间接要求对方报含5%佣金的成本、运费加保险的价格则显得谦和。

4.使用条件句在向对方提出“要求、建议”时多用条件句更能表达礼貌、委婉的语气。运用if条件句使主句表达的内容具有了条件性,使提出来的建议听起来更具有试探性。如:(1)If any of the items listed in the cataloguemeets your interest,please let us have your specificenquiry,and our quotation will be forwarded withoutdelay.(2)We attach a list of the contents of case No.71 and shall be glad if you will check this with ourorder and the copy of your invoice.(3)We should like to inquire if you areinterested in expanding your business to this year.5.使用虚拟句表达希望或意见时可用虚拟句,以示礼貌。如:(1)Wewishyouwouldletushaveyourreplysoon.(2)Would you compare our sample with thegoods of other firms?(3)We should be grateful if you would help uswith your suggestions.

6.使用过去时和进行式英语中一些表示态度的词,如hope,think,wonder,want等,它们的过去时又称“态度过去时”(attitudinal past)[5],具有试探功能,能间接地表达请求、建议、劝告等言语行为,它们的过去时较现在时显得委婉、客气。"Did you want to see thenewly-designed product?"较"Do you want to seethe newly-designed product?"显得更加客气,更得体,因为这里的过去时具有试探功能。如用此时态不同的二句询问对方是否想要看己方的新款产品,说话人用现在时态句(后一句),就可能直接伤害对方的面子,改用过去时态句(前一句)其试探性功能就能减弱对方面子所遭受到的潜在伤害。英语中的进行式也可表达委婉的语气。一些动词,如上文的hope,think,wonder,want等,其进行式比一般式更客气些。如:(1)I wonder if you could lower the price.(2)I am wondering if you could lower the price.(3)Iwaswonderingifyoucouldlowertheprice.上述三句意思一样,:询问对方本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。