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Krobeber 1996年,从钟,张、杨和郭2007引用了发展相关的决策模型。在这个模型中,他声称旅游行为取决于三个要素:旅游感知、旅游态度、旅游动机。他进一步指出,有两个层面的影响。第一级的影响Krobeber(1996年,引用中,张、杨和郭2007)可以从内部因素被影响,如个人心理因素和第二层次的影响来自外部社会因素，如家庭背景或团体的影响。

关于动机的主要贡献是马斯洛的需求层次理论模型(马斯洛1970),逃避或寻求模型(Iso-Ahola罗斯和Iso-Ahola 1982;1982)和“推”和“拉”方法(克朗普顿1979)。轧机和莫里森(1985)认为,旅游动机符合马斯洛的层次需求——生理、安全、归属、自尊和自我实现。也确定了另外两个需要:美学和知识。人类的生理需要,安全/安全与归属感/爱被归类为张力降低,而自尊、自我实现,获取知识和审美感应——觉醒寻找动机(Figure 2.1)

动机是一个变量，可以解释旅游行为;它被认为是最重要的一个变量(Baloglu和Uysal 1996)。有许多研究认为旅游决策被解释以及由推”和“拉”的方法预测，“包括后方,Uysal和阳光1995;Baloglu和Uysal 1996;埃尔詹,吉冈Uysal和2003。克朗普顿(1979)解释说,所有行为背后动机是必要的和重要的力量。

人们选择去旅行是因为他们通过激励因素，而被推动和带动，(Baloglu和Uysal 1996)。推动动机与决策相关联,是否出行，带动动力提出了去哪里的问题(Klenosky 2002)。

Krobeber 1996, cited from Zhong, Zhang, Yang and Guo 2007 develops a related decision making model. Within this model, he claims that the tourist behaviour is determined by three elements: travel perception, travel attitude and travel motivation. He further suggests that there are two level influences. The first level influence of Krobeber (1996, cited from Zhong, Zhang, Yang and Guo 2007) can be affected from internal factors such as personal psychological factor and the second level influence comes from external social factors such as family background or group influence.
The main contributions regarding motivation is the Maslow's hierarchy of needs model (Maslow 1970), the escape or seek model (Iso-Ahola 1982; Ross and Iso-Ahola 1991) and the push and pull method (Crompton 1979). Mill and Morrison (1985) argues that travel motivations fit into Maslow's hierarchical needs - namely, physiological, safety, belonging, self-esteem and self-actualization. Also they identified two other needs: aesthetics and knowledge. The human needs physiological, safety/security and belonging/love were categorized as tension-reducing, while the self-esteem, self-actualization, acquiring knowledge and aesthetic as inductive - arousal-seeking motives (Figure 2.1)

Motivation is one of variables that can explain tourist behavior; it is regarded as one of the most important variables (Baloglu and Uysal 1996). There are many of researches assure that travel decision making is best explained and predicted by the push and pull approach include Backman, Backman, Uysal and Sunshine 1995; Baloglu and Uysal 1996; Ercan, Uysal and Yoshioka 2003. Crompton (1979) explains that motivation is a necessary and important force behind all behavior.

People travel because they are pushed and pulled to do so by motivational factors (Baloglu and Uysal 1996). Push motivation is related to the decision, whether to go, and pull motivation addresses the question of where to go (Klenosky 2002). Crompton (1979) used unstructured in-depth interviews and explored push motivation and pull motivation, he summarizes that push is socio-psychological motives that activate people to travel and pull is cultural motives that attract people to a particular destination. Traditionally, the push motivations have been thought useful for explaining the desire for travel while the pull motivations have been thought useful for explaining the actual destination choice (Crompton 1979). According to Ross and Iso-Ahola (1991), push motivation can be considered as psychological factor and pull mo本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。