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美国俚语中的性别差异

1. Introduction
This chapter briefly introduces the background of the present study, its significance and the structure of this thesis.
1.1 Research background                     
Sociolinguistics is a branch of linguistics and studies the uses of language in society. Or we can say it investigates the relations between language and society. Sociolinguistics has a wide study scope of language variations, the relations among language, culture and society, and some controversial hypothesis, such as Sapir- Whorf Hypothesis, etc. Any language will reflect a series of social elements and any element will lead to language variation. Social element will determine the language. All the sociolinguists have to know two variables- social variable and linguistic variable which is determined by the former.  Social elements,  which  include gender,  geography,  age,  professional,  and  so  on, determines language usage. The study of language and gender plays an important role in sociolinguistics. The language is described as the live stone for recording lives, the broad mirror for reflecting society, the historical picture scroll for studying activities. From these inferred meanings, we can conclude that it is undoubtedly a significant and valuable work to investigate language and gender from the angle of word meaning (Farb 1973;Gregersen 1979; Bodine 1975; Herrick 1975; Holmes 1991).
The research of language and gender, as a new variable, initiated from 1970s, became popular since then. A major topic in sociolinguistics is the connection. if any, between the structures, vocabularies, and ways of using particular languages and the social roles of the men and women who speak these languages. Gender and language has been linked in scholarly writings well before the second wave of the Women's Movement began in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Further back, popular understandings of gender and language had existed probably for centuries before "gender and language" was considered worthy of study. (,lane Sunderland. 2006: 27). The theories concerning gender study experience a series of controversial frameworks. including deficit theory, dominance theory.  difference  theory. politeness  theory and  constructionism theory.  "Fhe Social Constructionism Theory is the key point of this thesis. In  chapter 2, the related theories will be discussed expoundedly.
Slang is a sort of vivid language with plentiful metaphor meanings as well as a variety of English language. It used to be considered as low, vulgar language, which ought not to be admitted as legitimate language. It was from statistical data that slang terms constitute 10 percent of the vocabulary of American English, and these slangs are widely used by people from all fields. Therefore, some linguists believe that a man cannot communicate with Native Americans fluently without the knowledge of slang expressions. Chen Yuan (1983) points out: "the most dynamic element in English is a word which usually reflects changes trolls speech community and speakers' thought'' . The cultural implication of a word refers to the intrinsic and traditional characteristics of a certain ideology of one nation or one community. The study of American slangs will enhance our knowledge of American culture, soci本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。