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lies.This group, largely comprised of teenage girls and young women,read Japanese gay cartoons and stories about homosexual men.They have formed an active“underground”community online, al though the readers themselves are usually straight. Literallymeaning“decaying women,”the term funv is Japanese loanwordindicating a way of life solidly based on the ACG (animation, car toon and game) industry. Those who write are considered seniorfunv. Funvism refers to the favor girls have for gay figures inACG. (GT, 2012, 4, 17: 16)腐女指特别喜欢同志之爱的女性，她们把这种情感保密，不让家人和其他人知道。这群人通常由十几岁的女孩和年轻女性组成，她们爱读描写男同性恋的日本卡通和故事书。她们在网上建立了一个活跃的“地下”团体，当然，这些读者自己通常是性别取向正常的人。“腐女”的字面意思是“腐败的女人”，这个字眼借用日语，指一种完全依靠动画、卡通和游戏（ACG）业的生活方式。写此类文章的人被称为“高级腐女”。“腐女主义”指这些女孩对ACG里男同性恋人物的喜爱之情。

3.2 直译
直译是指译者只取字面意思翻译成英文，这样的翻译比音译好一点，但是如果不加解释，也可能让译文读者误解。The new edition included terms such as“naked marriage,”meaning getting married without owning a house or other signifi cant possession. Others describe social groups or new trends,such as“ant tribe”(young college graduates who have low in comes and live in cramped shared apartments),“substitute driv ers,”“backpackers”or“group purchase”. (GT, 2012, 9, 13: 16)新版汉语大辞典收录了像“裸婚”这样的词，意思是没有房子或其他有价值的财产就结婚。其他词汇描述了社会群体或新潮流，诸如，“蚁族”（年轻的大学毕业生，收入低，合住在拥挤的公寓里），“代驾”，“背包客”或“团购”。“裸婚”、“蚁族”描述的是中国的社会现象，如果只从字面翻译，西方人很难理解，所以该文作者在它们后面加上了注释。“Substitute drivers,”“backpackers”or“group purchase”翻译出了原文意思，因此是意译。

3.3 意译
这里的意译指的是用英文意义相同的词语翻译汉语词语，如果能在英文中找到意义和用法相同或相近的词语来翻译，当然是最理想的翻译方法了。The so-called red-eye long distance buses that allow passen gers to sleep during the overnight trip are deemed unsafe whenaccidents occur, as the design of double-deck bunkers in the bus es leaves limited space for passengers to escape.( GT, 2012, 8,28: 3)所谓红眼长途车指的是乘客可以在夕发朝至的旅途中睡觉的长途车，人们认为这种车在发生事故时是不安全的，因为车上的双层卧铺给乘客留的逃生空间有限。“Red-eye”翻译得准确，因为它表示夕发朝至的。The term“problem lottery buyers”refers to people who haveexhibited symptoms of psychological“addiction”to buying lotterytickets and whose compulsive purchasing has had a negative im pact on their financial situation, family relations and other impor tant aspects of life. The number of“problem lottery buyers”inChina has reached 7 million and 430,000 of them are severe cas es. The overall number of Chinese lottery buyers is 200 mill本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。