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ish words will let us analyze well and study offshore petroleum Englishmuch more scientific and objective, and at the same time provide the data and bases foradvanced study of offshore petroleum English.
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Chapter Two Literature Review

2.1 Corpus and Corpus Linguistic
However, there is noexplicit definition of corpus. Many scholars have given the definition of the term“corpus，，in different aspects. Sinclair (1996:171) defines a corpus as “a collection ofpieces of language that are selected and ordered according to explicit linguistic criteriain order to be used as a sample of the language?” Elena Togniiii-Bonelli defined (2001:2)as “a collection of texts assumed to be representative of a given language put togetherso that it can be used for linguistic study". In Corpus-based Language Studies: AnAdvanced Resource hook, Tony McEnery et al. (2005: 12) mentioned that “The termcorpus as used in modern linguistics can best be defined as a collection of sampled texts,written or spoken，in machine-readable form which may be annotated with variousforms of linguistic information." We can see that although definitions of whatconstitutes a linguistic corpus are various, they would agree that a corpus is a collectionof pieces of language text in electronic form sampled according to external criteria thatmust be the representativeness of a particular language or language variety as a sourceof data for linguistic research.These all explain corpus from the perspective of linguistics, however, ftom thepoint of organized form of corpus，we can say that, corpus is a fiinctional systemconsisting of large amount of materials stored in computer and concordance softwarethat can realize the concordance, statistic, and analysis of materials.
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2.2 Corpus-based Lexical Study
Corpora have brought a great revolution to lexicographical field. Just as Kennedy(1998:91) said, “the most obvious use of corpora for lexical description is inlexicography." Thanks to its adaptability, flexibility and openness of compilation,corpus has changed the content and the methods of dictionary compilation in aqualitative and quantitative way. Advances in computer technology have givencorpus-based lexicographic study several advantages over earlier work. First of all, thecomputer has made possible the collection and storage of large chunks of texts orcomplete texts from a variety of sources. Secondly, with computers，the analyses aremore complete and reliable. Lexicographers could use computers to obtain usage andillustration of a certain word or phrase in context quickly and exhaustively fromavailable or self-built corpus. Biber et al (2000:23) believed that corpus-basedlexicographic study address the following six major types of research questions: (1) themeanings associated with a particular word (2) the fi_equency of a word (3)non-linguistic association that a particular word has (4) collocations of words and thedistribution of collocational sequences across registers (5) distribution of the senses anduses of a word (6) the use and distribution of synonyms. With modern software,machine-readable corpora are easily accessible, greatly reducing the drudgery oftext-based description and make the definition of words more intact and accurate. Withits objectiveness and authenticity, corpora have become an indispensable tool for本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。