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Chapter 1 Literature Review

1.1 Related studies on memorizing words abroad
A large number of scholars and experts abroad are engaged in the study of the strategies inmemorizing the vocabulary.Hermann Ebbinghaus from Germany was the first psychologist in the world who studied therelationship between memory and forgetting. In the year of 1885, he wrote a book, On Memory,1885, which was about the memory experiment. After doing a great many of the experiments,Hermann Ebbinghaus eventually uncovered the law between memory and forgetting, and alsodrew a curve called Ebbinghaus forgetting curve, which reveals the relationship betweenmemory and forgetting. Ebbinghaus forgetting curve shows that in the process of learning,forgetting has its own law, that is to say, the process of forgetting is unbalanced. Forgettinghappens very quickly in the early stages of memory, however, with time going on, forgettingdevelops slowly little by little. After a relatively long period of time, forgetting slows down andeven stops. According to Ebbinghaus' forgetting curve, people put forward a set of learningtheory called anti-forgetting memory strategy.In America, the American philosopher, physiologist and psychologist William James cameup with the concept of a dualistic memory theory, that is, primary memory and secondarymemory, which are the base of progressive memory theory. In the 1960s, based on the study ofWilliam James, N.C.Waugh&D.A.Norman put forward his dual theory, which divides memoryinto two parts, short-term memory and long-term memory. Later, Atkinson & Shiffi Craik &Lockhart, Endel Tulving make meaningful contributions to memory theory.
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1.2 Related studies on memorizing words at home
On the one hand, this suggests that vocabulary plays an importantrole in English learning indeed, on the other hand, there are an admixture of the genuine and thefalse in these books. Some of the books are of fine quality, but others are of poor quality.Therefore, we should be prudent when we choose books for remembering English vocabulary.It is gratifying that numerous experts, scholars and teachers have been doing greatcontributions to teaching students how to remember English words in an effective way.Liu Yinan, an English teacher from New Oriental Foreign Language School of Beijing, hasbeen studying the memory methods through etymology, and One of his works is called TheMagic of Vocabulary Retention Through Understanding the Root of the Word. In fact, Mr. LiuYinan mainly teaches students to remember the vocabulary by knowing about the etymology of aword, whose real goal is to have students memorize new words by knowing about the ins andouts of the words. The significant advantage of this method has students not only knowsomething is so but also know why it is so. So, Mr. Liu Yian's method of remembering theEnglish vocabulary is a good way for students to get a deeper understanding of the word andlearn them by heart.
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Chapter 2 Theoretical bases of memorizing English words

2.1 The Theory of Short-term Memory Capacity
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