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the communities’ limited enthusiasm towards the industry thereby resulting in little benefits that trickle down to the grass-roots, the local community (Manyara and Jones, 2007). Tosun (2000) identified a wide range of obstacles to community participation in the context of developing countries. He categorised these obstacles into operational, cultural and structural limitations. Those categorized as operational limitations include the centralization of public administration of tourism development, lack of co-ordination between involved parties and lack of information made available to the local people of the tourist destination as attributed to, but not limited to, insufficient data and poor dissemination of information. Under these conditions, low public involvement in the tourism development process is obvious as people are not well-informed. Those categorised as structural impediments include institutional, power structure, legislative, and economic systems. They mostly impact negatively on the emergence and implementation of the participatory tourism development approach. And those identified as cultural limitations include limited capacity of the poor to effectively handle development.

The fact that the majority of people in developing countries struggle to meet their basic and felt needs and that mere survival occupies all their time and consumes their energy, implies that getting closely involved in issues of community concern such as community participation in the tourism development process which often demands time and energy, may be a luxury that they cannot afford. On the other side of the coin, apathy and a low level of awareness in the local community is generally accepted. While a low level of interest in taking part in matters beyond their immediate family domain (apathy) can be partly attributed to many years or centuries of exclusion from socio-cultural, economic and political affairs that impact their dignity, a low level of awareness of such issues stops the poor from demanding that their needs be accommodated by the institutions which serve them.

Tourism Impacts

The objective of this point is to consider the impacts of tourists on destinations areas from an economic, social and physical perspective. The nature and implications of these effects will be discussed. The rapid growth of tourism has increased economic, environmental and social effects. Until recently the attention has concentrated on the economic impacts and not on the environmental and social consequences of tourism.

The impact made by tourism depends upon the volume and characteristics of the tourists such as length of stay, activity, mode of transport and travel arrangement. A selection of variables must also be taken into account in the determination of any impact of tourism as well as their interrelationships and the ways in which they influence the nature, direction and magnitude of tourist impacts.
 
Ecomomic impacts of Tourism

Tourism can create jobs, provide foreign exchange, produce return on investment for emerging economics, bring technology, and improve living standards. The most prominent benefits used to promote tourism development are the economic benefits that communities can expect to derive from an increase in tourism activity. The studies demonstrate that residents feel tourism helps th本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。