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restaurants and taxis. Indirect jobs are created through the supply of goods and services needed by tourism-related businesses.

Foreign Exchange Earnings

Tourists spending and the exportation of related goods and services generate revenue in terms of foreign currency to the host economy. This source of revenue can be used to finance other economic sectors of a country and even increase the standard of living of local people.

Socio-cultural Impacts

Even though tourism contributes to the renaissance of traditional arts and craft (Var & Kim, 1990), tourism has frequently been criticized for the disruption of traditional social and culture structures and behavioral patterns. Destination areas that have embraced tourism for its economic benefits have witnessed heightened levels of crime and prostitution, and displacement due to rising land costs and loss of the cultural heritage of local people, particularly youth. Tourism has been charged not only with the debasement of socio-cultural factors but also with degradation of the environment.

Negative socio-cultural impacts

Tourism development can have negative impacts at local, national and international level if they are badly and managed. Some of the most important negative impacts are as follows:

Overcrowding

Tourism increases traffic congestion and crowdedness in the public area, and brings social problems. During the peak season there can be hostility between visitors and host communities, as the local people may be force to tolerate the inconvenience of interruption to their daily habits.
 
Demonstration Effect

Demonstration effect occurs when there is the mixing of people from broadly different cultures in tourism. The local people try to imitate the lifestyle of those visitors. This can lead to irreversible change in social like there can be the lost of native languages and traditional dress may also be considered as outdated.

Loss of traditional Industries

Traditional industries such as fishing, farming and forestry might be lost. This may happen if workers find it more advantageous to work in the tourism industry. Youngsters are more and more to work in promising industry like tourism where they can be empowered and get money with less effort needed as compared to the traditional ones.

Fragmentation of Communities

Regions which have come popular due to the tourism industry may be later become a second home for rich communities. Expatriates, who have the power to pay for high prices of land and housing, may cause a situation where local people are compelled to move from these places as they cannot afford the high prices of commodities also.

Rise in social problems and crime

Tourism also contributes to social ills such as begging, gambling, drug trafficking, and prostitution, as well as the uprooting of traditional society, and causes deterioratin of the traditional culture and customs of host countries. Tourism contributes to an undesirable increase in the consumption of alcohol, increased traffic congestion, and overcrowding.
Positive Socio-Cultural impacts of Tourism.

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