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Poverty is a challenge facing all countries and the international community as a whole. 贫困是所有国家和国际组织作为一个整体面临的挑战。 To promote development, eliminate poverty and achieve common prosperity is an ideal that humanity constantly pursues. 促进发展，消除贫困，实现共同繁荣，是人类不断追求的理想。Poverty is a recent reality in Mongolia. 贫困是蒙古近期的现实。Presently, one in three people in Mongolia are poor, and the number of poor people grows as the income gap widens. 目前，在蒙古有三分之一的人口属于贫困人口，并且贫困人口数量随着收入差距的增大在增长。Poverty is becoming entrenched not only in urban centres but also in rural areas. This project’s long-term goal is to help reduce poverty sustainably among vulnerable families. This essay will describe and analyze rural poverty reduction program in Mongolia. It will argue that the rural poverty reduction program is characterized by a number of shortcomings based on principals of equity and participation. The problem of poverty should be taken care around the world, especially in developing countries. 贫困问题应在世界各地引起重视，尤其是在发展中国家。The goal of the whole world is to eliminate poverty. 整个世界的目标是消除贫困。
In fact, there were no poor people in rural areas until about 1990. 实际上，在1990年以前在农村地区不存在贫困人口。The government and rural collectives made sure that everyone was supplied with basic goods and access to a full range of public services. 政府和农村组织确保每个人都有基本的生活物资并且获得全方位的公共服务。Poverty has been a direct consequence of the transition to a market economy in the 1990s, after the breakup of the Soviet Union and the collapse of Mongolia's centrally planned economy. 贫困是20世纪90年代，苏联解体和蒙古中央计划经济崩溃以后，向市场经济过渡的一个直接后果。Privatization of industry and state farms brought high levels of unemployment. Benefits and assistance dried up. Incomes shrank, inflation devoured purchasing power and people had to bear the cost of health and Education services.https://www.51lunwen.org/azzy/ Rural poor people in Mongolia include women who are heads of households, members of households with more than four children, families of small herders, unemployed people, and people without basic education. Most rural poor people are herders. Although livestock production is still the principal source of livelihood for rural people, the number of livestock per herder is decreasing dramatically. 虽然畜牧业生产仍然是农村人生活的主要来源，但是每户牧民的牲畜数量明显减少。
The poverty reduction program in Mongolia has achieved extremely success in terms of helping herders and farmers increase production, improving basic education and increasing cash income. 在帮助牧民和农民增产增收，改善基础教育，增加现金收入方面蒙古的减贫计划已经取得了极大的成功。The actual outcomes of this project are primarily meet its initial goals. However, the critique and shortcomings of poverty reduction program also are the fact outcomes. 这个项目的实际成果，主要是实现了其最初的目标。然而，减贫计划的批评和缺点也是事实的结果。Considering that women and children are the main part victim of poor condition, the program should think about how to improve women’s situation. 考虑到妇女和儿童是贫困状况的主要受害者，该计划应该考虑如何提高妇女的情况。For example, the government can offer the wide education opportunity for women. Moreover, The livestock sector still suffers from the consequences of the privatization of the collectives. The structural adjustment believes generic free market policy, which is no decline of poverty reduction. 结构调整所相信的通用的自由市场政策的，是不能减少减贫的。The poverty program should insist on economic growth and create new technology to help herders improve livelihoods. 扶贫项目要坚持在经济增长和创造新技术方面，来帮助牧民改善生计。

Reference:参考书目

Barder, O.(2010). Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in Africa. Received from:

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