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听力的四大技能的获取

听说读写四大技能在孩子时期学习第二语言的过程中有重要的作用，这四个技能是相互关联的，那就是说，语言过程的提升也会自然而然的促进语言的其他各个方面。教育家普遍认为读和写是整个交流过程的组成部分。“有效的语言教导会接受读写是实实在在存在的两个元素。”因此在阅读和精写之间有积极的关联影响，因为广泛阅读也会提升写作过程。“广泛的阅读是拓宽我们语言的高效的方式，所以在以学习为主的课堂上它具有很重要的意义。”

几乎世界上各个地方的老师都特别关注写作。在孩子的教育中,能够有效的写作也很重要，而且能有成功的能力也是他们整个人生的一个评价。孩子们写作是最难学习又最难掌握的的一个技能，因为它综合了几种复杂的认知过程。有一个过程就是把想法要转变到可读的文章里。阅读同时也是最难教的一个技能，老师认为这个任务由于它本身的复杂性而变得很费力。

The acquisition of the four skills of listening

The acquisition of the four skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing plays a major role in the successful learning of the second language (L2) in a child. These four skills are interrelated. That is, the growth of one language process will naturally support the growth of all aspects of language.Educators have a tendency to view reading and writing as components of the whole communication process (Hennings 1990 in Wiseman 1992). “Effective language instruction will accept reading and writing as two components of one entity: literacy.” (Wiseman 1992 p. 15). Therefore there is definitely a positive correlation between reading and writing proficiency as wide reading supports the writing process.“Reading widely is highly effective means of extending our command language, so it has an important place in classrooms where language learning is the central purpose.” (Nuttall, 1982, p.30)

Writing has received a good deal of attention from teachers from almost every part of the world. Learning to write effectively plays an important part in a child’s Education and the ability to succeed can be a great asset throughout their lives. Writing is generally considered to be the most difficult skill to be learned and mastered by children as it requires several complex cognitive processes. One such process is converting ideas into readable text. It is considered to be the most difficult skill to teach and teachers find the task to be strenuous due to its complex nature.

There are a number of approaches to writing instruction that have arisen over the years. Writing using a sequence of pictures is one of the approaches, commonly found in Brunei Primary schools. In this study, writing is being taught with an approach which is quite popular in other countries but seldom used in the government schools of Brunei Darussalam. The strategy is the connection and influence of children’s literature upon their writing efforts.

Later chapters of this study will describe in detail the methodology used in implementing the techniques and the findings of the study.

Background to the study

The English language also plays an important role in the field of education, especially after the implementation of the Bilingual Education Policy in 1985. The Bilingual Education system uses two languages, Bahasa Melayu and English, as the mediums of instructions in all government schools. However, most children in Brunei Darussalam grow up speaking a first language (dialect) which is ‘Brunei Malay’ at home and only encounter English Language for the first time when they enter school. Consequently, Bruneian children have to learn, not one but two other new languages upon entering school which is Bahasa Melayu and Arabic (Jawi Writing Script), making English Language their third language that has to be learned in school.

In 2009, Brunei