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I. Promoting scientific and technological renovation and prioritizing the major applicable technologies and high-tech so as to achieve major technological breakthrough. The major breakthrough of high-tech items is the first factor of the new revolution of agricultural technology. Its powerful motivating functions lie in the merging of various subjects, especially that of agricultural Science and biological science and the building of new scientific system composed of inter discipline subjects and boundary subjects. This will create basic conditions for the new agricultural revolution. The breakthrough in high-tech is based on the overall development of science and technology. China must strengthen the scientific work and, on this basis, make full use of China’s features and advantages in achieving major technological breakthrough amid the constant economic growth. The focus and layout of development: Closely centering around the demand of agriculture towards science and technology at this new stage, we should stress high-quality, high-yield and high-efficiency agriculture on the basis of the original yield-raising technologies; increase farmers’ income; guarantee food security; protect ecological environment; and take part in international competition. We should establish a new system under which the breakthrough in a batch of major common technologies and high-techs would be achieved, a large number of talent be brought up, a large batch of internationally advanced scientific bases be established so as to realize a new leap forward for farming technologies. In the coming 5 to 20 years, we should place our emphasis on the following aspects: We should focus our effort on the breeding of special and new high-quality animal and plant varieties to push forward the optimization of farm production and agricultural structure. We should intensify the research and development of high-efficiency husbandry and fishery, step up basic farmland construction and farming facility construction, especially in water conservancy, raising the fertility of soil, improving middle- and low- yield farmland and the comprehensive productivity of animals and plants. Food security should be top priority in development as the Chinese people’s nutrition and health is placed high on agenda. Water-saving irrigation technologies will be another focus for the sustainable development. The other important aspects are the research on the forest and farm ecological environment, desert and sand treatment, artificial control, disaster prevention and reduction and modern-equipped agriculture. The development of farm product processing will provide new points of growth for rural econom y, especially food and fodder industries. We should improve the synergy, industrial upgrading and industrialized operation while extending the agriculture into a more in-depth area in order to rationalize the rural industrial structure. Great efforts should be made in developing the special farm, forest and aquatic products. With the help of bio-tech, information te