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R>(13)The teacher is much satisfied with thestudents’progress.
在例(13)中,介词with的宾语the students’progress不发出动作触及主语。介词短语with thestudents’progress表示主语the teacher“满意”的原因,相当于because of the students’progress。能与介词with搭配用于状态被动语态,表示“满意”、“厌恶”等情感的常见短语有:be contented with, be satisfied with, bepleased with, be elated with, be excited with, betouchedwith, bemovedwith, be delightedwith, beintoxicated with, be tired with, be displeased with,be disgusted with, be wearied with, be fatiguedwith, be exhausted with, be amused with , becharmed with, be fascinated with, be affected with等。
3.介词at可与表示“惊奇”、“厌恶”、“高兴”等意义的动词搭配,用于状态被动语态,说明主语处于上述情感时的原因:
(14)Iwas gratified at Jane’s quick recovery.
在例(14)中,介词at的宾语Jane’quick re-covery不发出动作触及主语。介词短语at Jane’squick recovery表示主语I“高兴”的原因。
能与介词at搭配,用于状态被动语态,表示“惊奇”、“厌恶”、“高兴”等情感状态的常见短语有: be alarmed a,t be surprised at, be astonisheda,t be shocked at, be started at, be dismayed a,tbe frightened a,t be pleased a,t be gratified a,t berejoiced a,t be displeased a,t be puzzled a,t be dis-gusted a,t be enraged a,t be provoked a,t be con-cerned a,t be rocked a,t be affected a,t bemoved at等。
4.介词from可表示“根源”、“起源”等意义,常与be sprung, be derived, be descend等短语搭配,用于状态被动语态:
(15)She is sprung from a rich family.
(16)Jim is descended from the royalblood.
(17)Thousands of English words are derivedfrom Latin.
在上述例句中,介词from的宾语不发出动作触及主语,而是分别表示主语产生或出现的根源。介词from还可与表示“撤消”、“解除”等意义的动词搭配,用于状态被动语态,表示主语受到“撤消”、“解除”的具体内容:
(18)The official has been removed from hispost forhe is up to his chin in smuggling.
在例(18)中,介词from的宾语his post不发出动作触及主语。介词短语from his post表示主语处于“撤消了职务”这种状态。
5.介词to可用于状态被动语态,表示主语因动作的完成导致的结果或程度:
(19)That templewas burnt to ashes.
(20)The glasswas broken to pieces.
(21)She ismoved to tears at the news thatherson has been brought to life by the doctors.
(22) It is so cold that I am almost frozen todeath.
在上述例句中,介词短语to ashes, to pieces,to tears以及to death中的宾语都不发出动作触及主语。这些介词短语分别表示各句中主语因动作的完成导致的结果或程度。介词to也可引起短语,表示主语所处状态的对应物或归属对象:
(23)Jane has beenmarried toTom.(24)Themiddle school is attached to theHigh-erNormalSchoo.l
(25)Jim was born to a poor family.在上述例句中,介词短语toTom, to theHigh-erNormalSchool以及to a poor family中的宾语都不发出动作触及主语。这些介词短语分别表示各句中主语所处状态的对应物或归属对象。介词to还可引起短语,表示主语所受限制的范围:
(26)Jack has been confined to bed for aweekwith his bad cold and cough.在上例中,介词to的宾语不发出动作触及主语。介词短语to bed表示主语Jack所受限制的范围。另外,介词to还可引起短语,表示主语“习