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h saloons and various English contests, attending lectures on particular subjects by English native speakers, seeing original films, reading original novels, magazines and newspapers, and listening to VOA and BBC, etc. These activities place students into an English atmosphere and greatly stimulate their interest in learning English.
5.3.3 Improving the Assessment System
The current assessment system for learners must be improved. It helps produce examination-oriented and test-wise learners. Most non-English majors strive to obtain higher scores on university examinations and rack their brains to pass CET 4 or CET 6. If they fail to pass the examinations after hard work, they may consider they lack the ability to do it well and lose confidence in foreign language learning. Even if they manage to pass these tests, they may lose motivation to continue their English learning. The current assessment system fosters students’ instrumental motivation, but fails to attract their intrinsic interest. Furthermore, those students who score high on examinations are not necessary competent in the English language. They are simply used to all kinds of examinations and become test-wise. Therefore, a new assessment system should be established to liberate students from all kinds of tests and aim to test learners’ overall language skills and communicative skills by emphasizing mastery and learning rather than grades.
5.4 Developing Learner Autonomy
Autonomy refers to the ability to take care of one’s own learning, autonomous learners become highly motivated and autonomy leads to better and more effective work.
Dickinson (1992) identifies six ways in which the teacher can promote the learners independence:
1.              Legitimizing independence in learning by showing that we, as teachers, approve, and by encouraging the students to be more independent;
2.              Convincing learners that they are capable of greater independence in learning and giving them successful experiences of independent learning;
3.              Giving learners opportunities to exercise their independence;
4.              Helping learners develop learning techniques(learning strategies) so that they can exercise their independence;
5.              Helping learners to become more aware of language as a system so that they can understand many of the learning techniques available and learn sufficient grammar to understand simple reference books;
6.              Sharing with learners something of what we know about language learning so that they have a greater awareness of what to expect from the language learning task and how they should react to problems that erect barriers to learning.
5.4.1 Psychological Preparations
Psychological preparations include helping learners become willing to take responsibility for their learning and build their self-confidence in working independently of teachers. Teachers must provide them with appropriate tools and with opportunities to practice using them. The core task is to raise awareness and change attitudes of learners. If students are aware of and willing to take responsibility, their motivation will increase. Motivation can be enhanced throu本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。