英语论文网

of language: the assimilation law and the accommodation law. Assimilation refers to the phenomena that the language subject’s original language schema automatically places the language object at a proper place. During this process, the content of the language object does not overstep the frame of the subject’s schema structure, and the assimilation is accomplished. Otherwise, the subject’s original schema structure will fail to hold the new information, that is to say, the new information and the language subject will not compatible with each other, and assimilation will be unable to undergo as expected. And it suggests that the competence of language sense hasn’t developed into a certain stage in which assimilation can smoothly occur, however, it is the best time to cultivate and develop it. The language subject’s original schema structure is a balanced entity. All the elements in it are in a state of temporary balance. If the assimilation succeeds, it will strengthen this temporary balance, otherwise, it will break the prior balance and give rise to turbulence, which will in turn lead the subject to reconstruct the schema structure and form a new one to accommodate the new information. This process is called accommodation. Accommodation leads to modification of the language subject’s schema structure. It not only enlarges the original schema structure’s capacity but also optimizes its organizational mechanism, which makes the subject’s schema structure more flexible and agile. Then the sense of language is improved. The competence of language sense can be manifested by the degree to which the subject can bring into his own schema structure the language object. 3. The definition and psychological mechanism of reading Reading is the recognition of printed or written symbols which serve as stimuli to recall of meanings built up through the reader’s past experience. It is a psychological process, the internalization of the outside language which presented by written symbols. It is a process which involves both the acquisition of meanings intended by the author and the reader’s own contributions in the form of interpretation, evaluation and reflection of those meanings. In this process, the reader obtains the writer’s intended meaning by decoding the visual information. It is a process of reproduction by the eye-movement, eye-gaze and regressions, whereas, the reproduction of the visual information involves intricate psychological movements, such as perception, memorizing, recalling, association, analyzing, synthesizing, inference, anticipation and even recreation. Reading process is constituted by five interactional stages: (1) The first stage: Recognition--perception Recognition is the initial verbal act of reading, which marks the beginning of reading. Recognition begins as soon as the reader contacts with the reading material. It is the acquirement of the written information of the brain through vision. According to the reading material, it may include the recognition of Chinese characters, the recognition of alphabetic letters and the recognition of other printed symbols. As this thesis focuses on the English reading, here will emphasize on the recognition of alphabetic letters. Recognition, from the psychological point of view, is the perceptional process of written information. It is an essential psychological factor for smoothly reading to percept the reading materials accurately and quickly. Many factors are responsible for