摘要:玉蝉正式成为玉琀的一种应该是在商代,因为这时的玉蝉虽然大多有孔,但有一少部分是无孔的,可见这一部分并不是用于佩戴。商代的玉蝉主要是出土于商晚期的墓葬中,早期和中期发现较少。
should be in the Shang Dynasty , because when the Cicadas although most of them have holes, but there is a small part is non-porous , showing that this part is not used to wear. Cicadas Shang Dynasty unearthed in the business mainly late tombs , discovered early and mid- less . Cicadas main land by the late Shang Dynasty : Tomb of Fu Hao 1 , the White House grave one , the Yin Ruins West tombs 6 , Guojiazhuang tombs 2 , Village Lingshi tomb two other suppliers , but the tomb of Cicadas have holes , and the site is just under the funerary objects unearthed , can not be counted jade Han . However, in 1953 the village in Anyang grand commandant was excavated tomb unearthed quotient 8 jade Han , respectively Cicadas ( 2 ) , jade fish ( 1 ) , short jade tube ( 2 ) , Ock ( 2 ) and a rectangular piece of jade ornaments ( 1 ) , are perforated . This is the earliest discovered cicada -shaped jade Han .
Cicadas this period can be divided into three categories:
The first category was rectangular, portray a more realistic , most of them on the cicada 's abdomen, back sides have carried out a detailed carvings , some Cicadas abdomen although no detailed characterization , but scored on foot , but the common is are focused on the performance cicada 's head , eyes and wings .
The second class of planar inverted triangle , compared to the first category is relatively simple, just carved out of the overall outline of the cicadas , the head and wings or a more delicate moment , there is no detail on the performance of the abdomen .
The third category is just carve a rough outline of cicadas , the most rough, mainly in the early Cicadas
Han Han earliest cicada -shaped jade unearthed in Shanxi, Shandong juye clay tomb , the cicada wide body , head, wings sculpture is not clear , showing that the more primitive forms. When the early Western Han Yu Han also not as obvious , the continuation of the ancient system , to the late Western Han Dynasty , Han Yu basically set the style to Cicadas as Han , this shape has been extended to the Eastern Han Dynasty became customization.
During this period of the cicada -shaped jade Han can be divided into three categories:
First class: Sculpture made cicada eyes protruding , back carving delicate, with incised lines carved head and wings . Between the head and the body are more obvious boundaries , multiple wings slightly longer than the tail curved belly bulge , and some belly with incised lines carved two cross Microhyla , others do not.
The second category: sculpture representing the first category should be simple, with incised lines carve back the same head and wings, head end substantially flush with or slightly curved, double eye generally less prominent. Between the head and torso with twelve multi- incised stripes represent boundaries , multiple wings and tail of equal length , abdomen smooth and no ornamentation , the entire control plane was tongue , this type of cicada -shaped jade Han found fewer .
The third category : This category is most simple engraving , most only slightly with cicada shape , flat mostly triangular , cicada 's head only slightly engraved several knives , while others are more concise . Most of this type only in a head incised horizontal line indicates the boundaries of the abdominal , back to the center to indicate that there is a ridge wings ; much simp
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