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e reasons for the failure is because China wanted to use the slogan, ‘New Beijing New Olympics’, but the International Olympic Committee (IOC) worried that using the word ‘new’ may give a wrong perception that China is changing the Olympics into something ‘new’. This suggests that the IOC has set strict principles for the host country to follow. With the Opening Ceremony, there are essential features such as the dove of peace, the Olympics flame, and the parade of nations that must be put in. China cannot present the ‘new’ China they want as the Olympics is not a blank canvas to showcase cultural values and power status but a well formulated event. Another reason for losing the bid is because of political issues - failure in meeting the minimum human rights standards. Although there are human rights policies in China such as freedom of speech, religious freedom, and freedom of the media, but in reality, the Chinese people are not getting their rights, they are ‘not free’. Chinese police have been sending thousands of people that ‘they did not like’ to the labour camp ‘for up to four years without a trial or a judge’s review.’ (KLTV, 2013) According to Samuel Huntington, the failure of the bid suggests that ‘China and its politics remained unacceptable’ (Price & Dayan, 2008:383) from the West.

In failing the bid for the Summer Olympics 2000, China was incentive to reform. China made two major changes. Firstly, China developed Mao’s ideology of capitalism to ‘socialism with Chinese characteristics’ [6] (Price & Dayan, 2008:146) and attempted to revive the Chinese nationalist spirit. Secondly, Chinese authorities made positive changes such as reformation of the death penalty system, and extension of freedom for foreign journalists. Competing against Istanbul, Osaka, Paris, and Toronto, on 13 July 2001, Beijing won the bid for the Summer Olympics 2008 and promised to deliver a green, high-tech, and people’s Olympics, with the slogan, ‘One World One Dream’, which are a creative solution to their failed bid. Furthermore, with IOC’s rejection for the Summer Olympics 2000, China understood that it is important to show core cultural values in a positive way in the Opening Ceremony. From the promises China made, it shows an eco-friendly, forward thinking China.

The Welcome Ceremony

The whole ceremony lasted over four hours with five sections; the welcome ceremony, the artistic section, the parade of nations, speeches made by the Presidents, and the torch relay and the Olympic flame. The Beijing Olympics 2008 has a huge impact on China as the New York Times reported, ‘China believes it will stand as a respected member of the world community, a position it has long felt the West has denied it.’ (Xu, 2008:243) China tried hard to project an international image of a high-tech country. For both the Opening and Closing Ceremonies, China used the newest weather modification technology to avoid rainfall becoming the leader in this advanced technology. Additionally, from using advanced technology, it presented ‘China’s ability to be both a technological pioneer and a producer of reliable technology, and to transform the perception of China from a low-cost industrial support system for th本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。